AMERICAN INSTITUTE. 143 



bined,) are so numerous, and will be so readily discerned by me- 

 chanics and engineers generally, that to specify them seems super- 

 fluous. 



In feeding boilers, it enables the engineer to supply water while 

 the engine is at rest, and the fires are kept burning, as at the 

 noon recess, or any time during the day if it is required to stop 

 an hour or two for repairs; in cases of steamers delayed in start- 

 ing, or run aground, or ferry boats laying in the slip, or locomo- 

 tives at railway stoppings, &c., &c. At such times, the surplus 

 of steam, instead of wasting, is used to supply the boilers and 

 prevent danger and accident from the water getting low; always 

 affording an abundance of water, and that at the proper time. 



As a fire pump, it is in readiness at all times of the day and 

 night, by simply turning the steam-cock, to throw the water to 

 any and all parts of the building; as a security against fire. 



On rivers, lakes, and at sea, in cases of fire or accident, this 

 pump is indispensably necessary. At such times, owing to the 

 impossibility of escape, everything depends upon an efficient 

 pump. 



This pump is adapted to draining quarries, mines and excava- 

 tions; also for raising water to a great height, as for reservoirs for 

 supplying water to towns and cities. 



It may also be used at pleasure in pumping hot or cold, fresh 

 or salt water, acids, molasses, syrup, beer, and all classes of heavy 

 and thick fluids. [^ silver medal awarded. 



Test of Steam Gauges. 



From the importance of these instruments for safety in steam- 

 boilers, the American Institute resolved to institute examinations 

 and trials, on which the public may rely, and made arrangements 

 to test those which were on exhibition, under a mercury gauge. The 

 Allen or volute gauge has a coiled flat spring encased in a tubular 

 covering against which steam is passed, separated by a sheet of 

 highly vulcanised rubber. The other two were of the elongated 

 springs, in ordinary use. 



Report of the Judges appointed to test the Steam Gauges. 



The undersigned committee of investigation, submit this as the 

 result of the mercurial test of steam gauges, made by us this the 



