352 TRANSACTIONS OF THE 



it from heating under cover. Manure in the open air was only 

 fit for grass. When made under the barn, tjie land would not 

 easily forget such a dressing. His land was so rich that the clover 

 bothered him — fifteen tons on two acres. It was mowed and cured 

 in the cocks, not spread at all. It kept ten cows and two horses 

 all the winter. He could not see tlie advantage of plowing clover 

 in, unless when green, and thought the fluid from clover was 

 worth no more than water. 



Professor Mapes said he had been misunderstood. It would be 

 found that water which had been allowed to transude through a 

 muck heap, would not come out water. 



Dr. Wellington described his plan of a cellar for manure under 

 a barn. The walls were pointed. Every second day he added 

 to the heap of manure that cellar contained. Prepared as he 

 prepared it, he would prefer his compost to any material he could 

 name. It was so situated, that all the cattle droppings fell into 

 it. It was never exposed to currents of air, and never frozen. 

 He never had any long muck. On any rainy day, when work 

 outside could not be done, his workmen could well employ them- 

 selves in turning over this heap. As to drying, when urine is not 

 available, even water is useful. The animals stood on a floor 

 over a cellar ten feet deep, and he was convinced that no better 

 plan could be adopted, to economize manure. 



Subjects for next meeting, (same,) viz: " Proper treatment of 

 milch cows;" " Winter treatment of barn-yard manure." 



H. MEIGS, Secretary. 



January 6th, 1S58. 



Present — Messrs. President Pell, Adrian Bergen, of Gowanus, 

 Dr. Church, Proi James J. Mapes, Mr. Lawton, of New Rochelle, 

 Prof. Nash, Dr. Waterbury, Messrs. Veeder, William H. Weeks, 

 Pardee, Thomas W. Field, of Brooklyn, John M. Bixby, Lowe^ 

 Dr. Smith, Dr. Edgar Peck, of Long Island, Messrs. Stacey, Cham- 

 bers and others; thirty-four members. 



Robert L. Pell, President of the Institute, in the chair. Henry 

 Meigs, Secretary. 



According to the standing rule, miscellaneous matter is consi- 

 dered during the first hour. 



