392 TRANSACTIONS OF THE 



very nscfal purpose what our Washington Irving did long ago in 

 liis analectic magazine for literature, according to his own motto, 

 " Sparsas Colligere Flores." Tuscany has for centuries been cele- 

 brated for her spotless white cattle, looking like snow on her 

 green meadows -, but our American red is worth more than that race 

 for beef and work, two to one. 



Mr. A. Nash read the following paper on 



THE RED CATTLE OF NEW ENGLAND. 



The red cattle of New England came over with the emigrants 

 from England and Wales, and other countries in Europe. 



The first emigrants or settlers in New England came in colonies 

 from the different regions or counties in England — each emigra- 

 tion generally brought over with them their first stock of neat 

 cattle. If a Pilgrim or emigrant had a good cow for milk, butter 

 or cheese, he brought along the favorite animal as a household god; 

 and when the governor of the clan started with the embarkation, 

 he had the best bull of the shire selected to perpetuate the stock 

 in the new world. Thus a superior stock of cattle, embracing 

 the' best from all parts of the mother country, and containing all 

 the known diiferent races, were landed in the New England set- 

 tlements when they first located. From all these fountains has 

 arisen a new and peculiar stock of cattle in New England, unlike 

 any other ever known in the old world. The herds of New Eng- 

 land sliow strains from the very best stocks from England, Scot- 

 land, Ireland and Wales, as well as from Holland and the nor- 

 thern and western departments of France, and some other coun- 

 tries on the continent of Europe. 



VARIETIES OF CATTLE IN ENGLAND. 



In England, from the earliest times, it is said that three distinct 

 races of cattle were found, and now several other races have been 

 brought into tlie country. 



1. The Long-horns. These were originally from Cumberland, 

 Lancastershire, Northumberland and other high regions in the north 

 of England. The old Craven bull was a type of this stock, and 

 looked upon as the best. The race has also been spread over 

 Ireland, in Tipperary, Limerick, Munster, and other counties. 



