AMERICAN INSTITUTE. 397 



made tlieir appearance. The White cattle were known in Jut- 

 land, Denmark, Hanover, Oldenburgh and Holland, from the ear- 

 liest periods. They are of a Danish stock; the Danes ravaged the 

 continent of Europe, from the Baltic Sea to France and England, for 

 more than three hundred years; from A.D.l7StoA.D. ICSO. In 

 A. D. 800 they conquered Northumbria, in England, which compri- 

 sed, amongst others, the counties of Yorkshire, Durham and North- 

 umberland, and held it for more than 270 years. Prior to the 

 year 1225, the Short-horn cattle are known to have existed in the 

 uortli of England. The White cattle and the Short-horns are 

 believed to have come from the Continent to England at the same 

 time, and this accounts for the fact that very many of the Durham 

 cattle are almost a pure white; and the fancy race of this day is 

 mottled, red and white, in equal portions. 



The Yorkshire Cow. 

 The Yorkshire cow is a native of Yorkshire, England, and 

 came from the early race of Short-horns. These animals are 

 some of the best milkers known, and have given (in rare instances) 

 thirty-six quarts of milk a day; it is by no means uncommon for 

 them to give thirty quarts a day. Tliis cow is a great fivorite; 

 she yields more milk in proportion to the quantity of food con- 

 sumed by her, than can be found in any other race. This cow 

 occupies almost exclusively the best dairies in England. 



Leicestershire Ox. 



This race are long horned, and are one of the earliest races in 

 England — healthy, strong and hardy. 



The Cheshire, Derbyshire, Staffordshire, Oxfordshire Warwick- 

 shire and Wiltshire cattle all wear long horns. They are properly 

 called the " long horned race." Westmoreland, Cumberland and 

 Lancastershire, in the north-west of England, was the native land of 

 the long horns. Bakewell, in his time, selected this race to 

 breed from, and he succeeded in an eminent degree. Bakewell 

 was born at Dishly, in Leicestershire, in 1725. 



The Derbyshire and Cheshire cattle, as well as the Shropshire 

 cattle, were originally long horned, and by being crossed with 

 the original short horns, they have made a very fine race of 

 cattle — docile and giving great quantities of milk. The strong- 



