402 TRANSACTIONS OF THE 



broad and full, loins broad, hips wide, rump level with the back, 

 barrel round and roomy, carcass deep and well spread, ribs broad 

 and flat, flesh mellow and soft. These cattle fatten to a greater 

 weight than the Devons — they are docile, of great strength, 

 adapted for heavy work, rather active, generally not considered 

 the best for the dairy; when crossed on the Devons they materi- 

 ally improve each other. The Herefords are said to be an 

 aboriginal breed, and descended from the same stock as the 

 Devons. When fattened the beef is said to be fine grained and 

 beautifully marbled. The ox fattens kindly, and they are much 

 esteemed in the London market. When a cow is inclined to 

 give a large quantity of milk, the breeding qualities of the 

 animal are lessened, and the form of the animal is deteriorated. 

 They were considered one of the best breeds for graziers and 

 butchers in England. 



Devon Cattle. 



The Devons prevail in the south and south-western counties of 

 England. They are a deep red color, beautiful in the highest 

 degree, in activity for work and aptitude to fatten altogether 

 unequaled Great numbers of these cattle were shipped by the 

 Pilgrims from Plymouth, Bristol, and other ports in the south of 

 England, to Plymouth, Massachusetts, Boston Harbor, Martha's 

 Vineyard, to Barnstable, Massachusetts, to Rhode Island, the 

 mouth of Connecticut river, and to Milford, Connecticut, and the 

 mouth of the Housatonic. With the Devons came also the 

 Herefords, which were usually of a darker red than the Devons. 

 There came also to New-England formerly Sussex cattle, as well 

 as the Norfolk and Suffolk races. They were originally a middle- 

 horned ox. Many of the first settlers in New-England brought 

 their cattle from Surrey and Kent counties, situated south and 

 east of London, and from Southampton; along with these came 

 many of the Alderney cattle. At a later day cattle came into 

 New-England from Coleraine and Belfast in Ireland. The west 

 highland oxen came in along Avith these, the Galloways and the 

 Ayrshires. At the present time the New-England cattle are a 

 mixture of mixtures. In 230 years they have become an entire 

 new race, in another county, in another climate, in another field 

 of vegetation — strong, hardy and healthy in a remarkable degree. 



