AMERICAN INSTITUTE, 407 



Soon after tlie settlement at Plymouth, the remainder of the Con- 

 gregation at Leyden, in Holland, turned their faces towards New 

 England. 



The Puritans in England, Scotland, Wales and the North of 

 Ireland in 1638, began to emigrate to New England. But the people 

 from the southern part of England, and the country in the west, 

 bordering on the rivers Avon and Severn, and the British cliannel, 

 sought New England in greater numbers than from any other 

 regions of the mother country. Then followed the Scotch and 

 North and East of England Puritans. Many of the iBrst Pilgrims 

 were from the midland counties in England, and from the country 

 west and south of London. 



Within twenty years after the Plymouth colony was begun, 

 alm(»st every town and village in England had ite representative 

 in New England. 



Along the Massachusetts bay, the old North Devons, the Welsh 

 cattle, the Herefords, the Alderneys, the Suffolk and the Sussex 

 cattle, were brought in by the first emigrants, in great numbers ; 

 also the Long-horns from Wiltshire; the Scotch and North of Ire- 

 land cattle followed afterwards. The Suffolk and Norfolk cattle 

 were good milkers. The Yorkshires and Durhams w^ere also im- 

 ported into Massachusetts bay by the early Pilgrims. I have 

 wdtliin a few years seen working oxen in the eastern part of Mas- 

 sachusetts, which strongly put on the Devonshire types; and also 

 the progeny of the Suffolk Duns; also of the old Long-horns of 

 Lancastershire. 



The islands of Martha's Vineyard and Nantucket, and the adja- 

 cent islands, were first settled by colonies of Puritans from Scot- 

 land and North of Ireland, and from Southampton, England, in 

 1651. The colony from Southampton, came in under the two 

 Thomas Mayhews, father and son, while the Scotch emigration 

 came under the patronage and auspices of the Duke of Lennox 

 and Sir William Sterling, two Scotch gentlemen, who sent great 

 numbers of Scotch Puritans to settle in New England. The Ar- 

 gyle cattle, the Ayrshire, the Angus ox, the old red Sussex cattle, 

 and the Sufiblk Duns; the Alderneys and their crosses were sent 

 to these Islands by the early Pilgrims; also the Welsh cattle. 



