420 TRANSACTIONS OF THE 



thighs, strong legs, yielding from twenty to thirty quarts of milk 

 per day. The best milker in England is said to have given thirty- 

 six quarts per day, yielding 372 lbs. of butter in thirty-two 

 weeks, averaging twenty quarts per day for twenty weeks. Some 

 of the cows from the mountains in New- York and New England, 

 have done equal to this. Eut tlien a cow must be in thorough 

 health, full grown, of a large size, fed on a new pasture, and with 

 Indian meal, to enable her to come up to this point. 



In the year 1812, Mr. William Baldwin, of the town of Litch- 

 field, Conn., owned two milch cows, one a brindle, a cross on the 

 Welsh; the other a deep bay color, with a white face and belly, a 

 cross on the Herefbrds and Holderuesses. The white faced cow gave 

 forty quarts of milk a day, after calving in the summer, and in 

 the fall, when put into fresh meadow or rowen feed; but then she 

 was fed with a mess of Indian meal and bran daily. The brindle 

 cow gave twenty-two quarts a day, fed the same way, but yielded 

 more butter than the white faced cow. These cows were 

 undoubtedly pets, and the family nursed them. They were good 

 for milk six months every year. An early writer declared, that 

 all cattle were originally black. In this State they have the most 

 vitality. The brindle was the next hardy and healthy, then the 

 red, then the dun color, then the cream color, then the white 

 color, which was the most feeble and liable to disease of all colors. 

 The native turkey is black and of a copper color, and hardy. 

 The domestic turkey becomes gray, then red, then a pui'e white 

 and is sickly. So the horse, the peacock, the guinea fowl. 



Until within the last 300 years, the cattle in England were 

 small, generally not well fed or housed in winter, furnishing but 

 little good and fat beef. When the stock was transferred to New 

 England it improved wonderfully in size and quality. 



The fresh, clover pastures, fine hay, grown on the newly cleared 

 lands, the Indian meal, all made a feeding to which the cattle in 

 the old world were strangers. The hills and mountains in New 

 England yield the richest pastures of any in the world, while the 

 thousands of valleys along the rivers and streams yield hay and 

 Indian corn unequaled in quantity and excellence of kind. It is 

 on this keeping the New England cattle are fed and fattened, and 



