152 INTERMEDIATE CUTTINGS 



in felling. As the trees decay and fall to pieces some injury 

 may be done to the young growth but far less than that 

 caused by felling the trees. Girdling is particularly useful 

 where the value of the material in the large trees is less than 

 the cost of removal. 



Whether an immediate money return can be secured from a 

 liberation cutting cannot be predicted without a careful in- 

 spection of the overtopping trees and the difficulties attending 

 their removal. Cordwood of good size is ordinarily one of the 

 chief products and some of the trees may contain one or more 

 logs merchantable for lumber. The expense of cutting up 

 the branchy trees and bringing together the logs and wood 

 sparsely scattered over an area occupied by young growth is 

 so high as to seriously cut into the revenue received from the 

 logs and wood. Unless cutting and taking out the merchant- 

 able material will at least pay all expenses of the work, gird- 

 ling should be employed. This, although involving a small 

 money outlay, will be found advisable in most cases on 

 account of increased future yield. 



REFERENCES 



1. Illick, J. S. Preliminary Report of Some Forest Experiments in Penn- 

 sylvania. Journal of Forestry, Vol. XVII, 1919, pp. 304-311. 



2. Sterrett, W. D. Disengagement Cuttings in Mixed Small Sapling 

 Stands. Forestry Quarterly, Vol. XI, 1913, pp. 62-63. 



3. Fisher, R. T. The Yield of Volunteer Growth as Affected by Improve- 

 ment Cutting and Early Weeding. Journal of Forestry, Vol. 16, 1918, p. 503. 



4. TiLLOTSON, C. R. The Care and Improvement of the Wood Lot. 

 Farmers Bulletin 711, United States Department of Agriculture, Washington, 

 1916, p. 12. 



5. Fisher, R. T., and Terry, E. I. The Management of Second Growth 

 White Pine in Central New England. Journal of Forestry, Vol. 18, 1920, pp. 

 364-365. 



