AMERICAN INSTITUTE, 211 



President Pell — I believe in and practice soiling of stock, par- 

 ticularly in well populated districts. He keeps them in large 

 yards and sheds, and feeds three times a day, when they will gain 

 flesh or secrete milk faster than in pastures, except upon irri- 

 gated land, which he finds a good substitute for soiling. He 

 recommends lucerne, orchard grass, millet, corn, rye and clover 

 for soiling purposes. He has orchard grass now eighteen inches 

 high. Cattle should always be fed when in stable on a variety of 

 food. He recommends hay two days, straw two days, stalks two 

 days, and mash one day every week. All coarse feed should be 

 cut. . The question of feeding cattle will be discussed at the next 

 meeting. 



J. Payne Lowe — In my travels in this country I find the farm- 

 ers dread more than all others a cold east wind. 



Mr. Pell — If such a wind comes cold and moist at the time of 

 blooming, it is apt to blast. 



Mr. Field — With me the north-west wind is the most fatal. It 

 is, perhaps, because it is usually the coldest, and blossoms must 

 have a certain amount of heat at a particular juncture. I am 

 aware that the ancients dreaded "the east wind." I find that 

 most of our evei-gretns, and those that were considered very 

 hardy — such as deodar cedar, arbor vit8e,&c., were killed by the 

 cold of last winter. None but the Norway spruce remains perfect. 



Dr. Wellington — The leaves of the ivy upon many walls in this 

 city, I notice, are also dead. 



WHEAT— ITS CULTIVATION AND INSECT ENEMIES. 



Upon this subject J. Payne Lowe gave the Club much valuable 

 and interesting information, which we will publish in a condensed 

 form as soon as we can find space. 



THE SUBSOIL PLOW. 



Solon Robinson related an anecdote illustrative of the ignorance 

 that prevails about improvements that are made in agricultural 

 implements. He said, a Pennsylvania farmer of mature age, and 

 as much intelligence as the most of men, said to him, a few days 

 ago, that he frequently read in the proceedings of the Farmers^ 

 Club about the subsoil plow and subsoil plowing, not a word of 

 which did he understand, and he wanted to know what it meant; 

 what such a plow looked like — never having seen one ; and Mr. 

 R. thought there might be 50,000 men in the country in the same 

 condition of agricultural knowledge. 



Dr. Waterbury gave tables of analysis to show how near alike 

 are the constituents of blood and wheat, and statements showing 



