214 TRANSACTIONS OF THE 



COMPARATIVE PRODUCTS OF ENGLAND AND FRANCE 



IN MEAT. 



France kills 4,000,000 head weighing 400,000,000 kilograJnes, 

 or an average of 10 ) kilogrames per head, 



England kills 2,000,000 head, weighing 500,000,000 kilogrames 

 of meat, or 250 kilogrames per head. 



England, with only 8,000,000 head of cattle and 30,000,000 

 hectares of land, gives 500 millions of meat, while France, with 

 10,000,000 head of cattle, gives but 400 millions on 53 millions 

 of hectares, (nearly double surface.) 



The French Charolais race of cattle are very good in them- 

 selves, and offer a stock very suitable for crossing with Short 

 horn bulls. 



The draught horses called Percheron, are strong, muscular, 

 hardy and of great power and activity, well worthy the attention 

 of breeders. They are better suited for the quickened step of 

 improved farming, than the heavier sort of English cart horses. 



PLOWS. 



Fifteen were tried by dynamometers, average depth about 

 seven inches, and plows from Baden, England, Austria, Belgium, 

 Saxony, and Canada, were tried. Breadth of slice about ten 

 inches. Comparative resistance found to be : The Von Thaer 

 plow of Saxony 16.2; Ball, of England, 3 A; The Toronto, Canada, 

 7 . 7. Difference in draught very remarkable. 



[From the Bon Jardinier of 1856, just presented to the Institute by Vilmorin.] 



The causes of the potato diseases are very obscure. It first 

 showed itself in Belgium, then Holland, then France, then Eng- 

 land, then Germany, and in succession in all countries where it 

 was cultivated. All varieties of it have been attacked. The 

 Early White is the only one which has been generally spared, and 

 in general, newly imported varieties were most affected by the 

 malady. 



PINE APPLES. 



Fifty-six varieties are known, but the choice ones are but few. 



The Martinique is preferred by confectioners. 



Count of Paris, large size and easy culture. 



Providence, very large. 



Cayenne, with smooth leaves, very large and very good, pyra- 

 midal figure. They call it there Maipouri — as they do the largest 

 of every thing. 



Montserrat, one of the largest. 



