AMERICAN INSTITUTE, 401 



farms. Before establishing these, we must secure competent Pro- 

 fessors ! Men of the first ability — well coinpensated. Suitable 

 learners can be made in two years close study and practice fit for 

 Professors. And such are the wants of the Canadas as well as of 

 the immense majority of lands in the world. 



Our Canadian horses crossed with the English or United States 

 races, present a most beautiful appearance and are larger. But 

 notwithstanding all that, they do not sell as high as our best pure 

 Canadian horses. 



HOGS. 



The Berkshire and Chinese cross, winter well here and fatten 

 easily. The Ohio hog crossed with Berkshire, make a fine race, 

 which reach 400 to 500 pounds weight. 



The best time to begin fattening them here is about the middle 

 of July or first of August. They fatten faster while the weather 

 is mild than when frosty weather comes. 



WEEDS. 



We are annoyed with Canada thistles — with the Margaret, (ox 

 eye or daisy,) one large and the other small, covering fields 

 almost entirely — very troublesome as well as the thistle. The 

 Margarets ought to be destroyed while they are in flower. We 

 have couch-grass too. 



The Margarets are not only scattered from the flower, but cattle 

 eat them and plant the seeds with their dang. We have sowed 

 buckwheat on a field covered with Canada thistles and it suffocated 

 the thistles. We sowed about three quarters of a minot, (thirty- 

 nine quarts) of buckwheat per arpent^ (a little over an acre,) the 

 little of the thistle that made its appearance could not go to seed. 

 Sow a field two years running and it will entirely kill off the 

 thistles. 



We are pestered with mustard, couch-grass and golden rod. 



WHEAT. 



The wheat from the Black Sea does well here — it does not de- 

 generate. The flour from it does not look so well in bread and 

 sells at a lower price. 



Fall wheat does not do well — the plants survive winter, green, 

 but our cold springs have destroyed it. Some do not prefer the 

 Black Sea wheat. 



Mr. C. C. Parsons of Feltonville, Massachusetts, exhibited 

 horse-shoes of several sizes, made at the rate of six shoes per 

 minute, by machinery invented by Elbridge Wheeler, of that 



