474 TRANSACTIONS OF THE 



in Essex, viz : upwards of one thousand bushels an acre. This 

 crop was verified by a committee. 



CELLARS. 

 Clean out the cellars under your dwellings perfectly, and make 

 a mortar bottom to them. The gases from neglected cellars hurt 

 our health sadly. 



GARDENS. 

 Every farm should have a garden. A family of six persons 

 want half an acre. Make a shelter for it on the northerly, east- 

 erly, and westerly sides, of cedars, or other evergreens, so that all 

 the southerly opening may admit warmth, and underdrain the 

 whole of it, and the better you do that, the nearer will your gar- 

 den come to perfection. 



YELLOW BIRDS. 



Our little yellow bird resembles the canary. Some supposed 

 that it eat wheat. One was killed, and his crop examined, and 

 found to contain 200 coleopters, and only four grains of worm- 

 eaten wheat. 



Mr. Johnson of New Haven, thought the use of lime, as stated 

 by Prof. Liebig's experiments, was upon the ordinary sour bread 

 of Germany, though he did not doubt it would be found benefi- 

 cial, as he states, to our sweet flour bread, and 'as the quantity of 

 lime held in solution that would enter into a loaf of bread is so 

 small, it cannot be injurious to health. 



Solon Robinson stated that bakers in this country use lime now, 

 but, perhaps, not as directed by Prof. Liebig. 



Mr. Bergen of Gowanus, wished to know, in answer to a state- 

 ment read by the Secretary, whether all soils require draining. 

 He said his soil never holds the water; it drives ofi" as fast as it 

 falls, even in such a hard rain as the late storm. No one was 

 ready to answer this question. 



Dr. Wellington stated that he had often noticed elms trans- 

 planted from a hard soil, are far more likely to live than when 

 taken from a swampy soil. 



Wm. Lawton said that trees in the coal region of Pennsylvania, 

 grow with roots very near the surface, none having penetrated the 

 earth more than six inches. On his place at New Rochelle the 



