AMERICAN INSTITUTE. 569 



3. Brown Hematite. — Wrought iron from it, very valuable. 



4. Hepatic Iron. — Brownish black. Becomes magnetic when 

 heated. Gives to borax an olive green color. 



5. Brown Scaly Ore. — Gives to borax a greenish yellow color. 



6. Broicn Iron Ochre. — Nearly the same. 



7. Red Hematite. — Gives excellent cast and malleable iron. 



8. Compact Red Iron Stone. — Color internally purplish gray. 



9. Red Ochre Stone. — Blood red. Melts more easily than any 

 other, and makes excellent malleable iron. 



10. Red Scaly Iron Ore. — Color, brownish red to dark steel- 

 gray. Friable, consists of semi-metalic, shining scaly parts, 

 which are somewhat translucent, and which soil strongly. 



11. Upland Jirgillaceus Iron Ore. — Color, steel, redish or yel- 

 lowish gray, or yellowish and dark nut brown, or dark brick red, 

 or dark ochre yellow. The celebrated foundries of Carron, in 

 Scotland, are principally founded on this kind of ore. Its color 

 Is partly light and partly bluish gray. Some samples are alight 

 or whitish purple externally, but of a dark ochre yellow inter- 

 nally. It is found in masses apparently slaty, and also in 

 nodules, in an adjacent coal mine, of which, in some places, it 

 forms the roof. 



12. Scalpiform or Cohimnce Iron Ore. — Color, dark brownish 

 red. It is formed of columns adhering to each other, but easily 

 separated, commonly incurvated, and with a rough surface, 

 brittle. 



13. JVodular, or Kidney-formed. — Color, externally yellowish 

 brown, internally lighter color. Often contains a kernel colored 

 mostly ochre yellow. 



14. Pisiform, or Granular Iron Ore, Pea-shaped. — Color gen- 

 erally brown, or dark yellowish, and blackish brown. It is found 

 in roundish grains, of the sizes of peas and nuts. Is like oolitic, 

 near Mount Cenis. 



15. Bog Ore, Meadow or Conchoidal Bog Ore. — Color, blackish 

 brown; massive, and tuberous, glistening, fracture small con- 

 choidal. Streak yellowish gray, soft. 



16. Swamp or Bog Ore. — Color, dark nut brown, sometimes 

 nearly black. Found in amorphous (shapeless,) lumps or grains, 

 mostly corroded and mixed with sand. 



17. Iron Mica, or Plumbaginous Ore. — Color, bright iron gray, 

 sometimes bluish gray, or nearly black. Found in amorphous 

 masses, or disseminated or crystalized, generally in thin, minute, 

 hexahedral (six-sided,) lamellfe (plates or sheets,) and in 

 botryoidal (bunch of grapes like,) groups. 



