286 Teaxsacttons of the American Institute. 



and abscesses in the lungs, liver, or organic leisons of tlie heart, 

 What kind of dietetic properties could siTch milk possess when 

 diluted with London water ! Bills of mortality chronicle the sequel. 



To kee}) pace witli that diurnal loss, agents were alwaj's raiiging 

 the country for others to supply the vacated stalls. They collected 

 at a farm not far from town, from whence they were driven according 

 to circumstances, to the city. The kindly disposed owner of the 

 establishment informed further, that the cows rarely gave any indi- 

 cations of being indisposed, so that each death was a surprise. There 

 are other dairies in London managed on the same general ])lan, pro- 

 bably with very similar results. Mr. Ross Wynans has a famous city 

 dairy in Baltimore, which has received commendation from practical 

 farmers, who, it is apprehended, had their judgment sw^ayed by the 

 apparent success and economy of arrangements. Visitors whose 

 thoughts are perpetually exercised upon the subject of bettering poor 

 lands, manifest extreme delight with Mr. Wynans ingenious contri- 

 vances for feeding, watering, milking ricking cows and saving 

 manure. The shelter is admirable, and so is the register suspended 

 by the side of the stall for showing the day the occupant was received, 

 her cost, dail}' yield of milk, &c. But the poor creatures, though fat 

 and quiet are nevertheless prisoners. Could they relate their views, 

 they would be unanimous for emancipation, and green fields. 



Mr. Wynans is immensely in advance of the London dairymen, 

 and it would be to his discredit were he not, with prodigious wealth 

 and extraordinary mechanical ingenuity. Report has it that liis cows 

 thrive by his management, gain flesh and bring extra prices for hav- 

 ing graduated at the Baltimore Cow College. I apprehend his saga- 

 city enal)lcs him to put them into market before organic diseases 

 begin to develop. 



In the south of France, Belgium, and throughout extensive regions 

 of Asia and some parts of northern Africa, cows are worked in the 

 yoke to plow, draw in carts, and in a word, are laboriously tasked like 

 oxen and bulls. Li conversation with a Belgian farmer on the 

 impropriety of ]")Utting them to such service, on the score of spoiling 

 the milk, he would not admit it was of any importance, closing his 

 remarks \)\ expressing an opinion that cows shonld work for a living 

 as M'ell as oxen. They milk them all the while twice a day. Surely 

 the quality of the milk must be inferior, having less casein or butter 

 globules, and therefore less suitable for food. It would be largely 

 made up of serum or whey, proportioned to the hardship imposed 



