Proceedings of the Farmers' Club. 289 



ther barbarians, pagans, or ]\Iaboniedans ever were guilty of doino". 

 Maiming horses and bulls, too, destroys the grandest traits of their 

 character. Emasculation arrests the development of the brain in 

 them precisely as it does in eunuchs. But, with this difference, they 

 do not lose all their characteristic nervous force, which may be urged 

 to some intensity by coercion and fear. The horns grow larger and 

 longer, and they may be more readily fattened, but it is at the expense 

 of their muscular strength and intelligence. Horses, uninjured in that 

 respect, are susceptible of higlier training ; they have more sagacity 

 and a noljler bearing. Squirrels are the only animals which abuse 

 each other as Christians abuse the best servants they have, the horse 

 and bull, and that is in conformity to a law that insures the best 

 stock for a progeny. 



Those nimble creatures skip from limb to limb with such adroitness 

 that, eluding the strongest and best developed which are designed in 

 the litness of things for progenitors, the weak and feeble males are 

 prevented by a singular instinct from becoming parents. But those 

 animals which move about on the ground, fight for possession, and 

 thus no deterioration in blood is permitted. 



Our domestic animals are governed by a sense of fear, and not" 

 affection. They are, to a limited extent, susceptible of moral senti- 

 ments, left as they were designed to be, unmutilated. Circus horses 

 and blood horses can be taught what geldings cannot be taught, 

 because an arrest of brain development destroys the ability for high 

 instruction, but makes them timid and vigilant through fear. The 

 Arabs never strike their magnificent stallions a blow, yet their docility 

 surprises strangers. Little children may play between their legs 

 while they put their arching necks, in proud bearing, quite into the 

 family group to be caressed. A single bull harnessed in a cart made 

 without a nail or a scrap of metal, draws eight hundred weight of furs 

 and a half breed Indian from the Hudson's Bay settlement to St. Paul, 

 Minnesota, annually, and back — all of 900 miles. An ox could not 

 perform the labor. They are tractable, docile, and managed with as 

 much ease as a kitten. Bulls have vigor^ courage, intelligence, and 

 twice the strength of oxen. 



An arrest of development marks the eunuch. The brain remains 

 small, the voice never changes, the beard never aj)pears. I have seen 

 them of all colors, and been in countries where they are maimed for 

 the markets of Turkey, Persia, and Egypt, bringing prices propor- 

 tionate to their capacity, which is always of a low order. Cows form 



[Inst.] 19 



