342 Transactions of the American Institute. 



a good clover sod in August ; use some fertilizers from the yard, if 



you have them, as direct manure for wheat. 



Adjourned. 



September 8, 1868. 



Mr. Natha?? C. Ely in the chair ; Mr. John W. CHA>rBERS, Secretary. 



Do Calves need Water. 



Mrs. Mary F. Trust, Atlantic City, N. J. — In my daily walk from 

 the liouse to the sea, for several successive days, I observed a number 

 of calves in an apple orchard, always laying together in the same 

 place. As there was no water in the orchard, I inquired of the man 

 in charge of the farm if these calves confined were not suffering for 

 want of water. He replied that they would grow much faster and better 

 without until winter sets in ; that the dew was sufficient ; if allowed 

 water they would feed less. The owner of the farm, a widow lady, 

 thinks differently ; consequently an argument occurred, and I said 

 that I would write to the Farmers' Club for their opinion. 



Mr. A. J. Cay wood. — When there is a plenty of good grass, young, 

 and even old cattle, will do well without water. I have kept quite a 

 number on a mountain farm for months where there was no water, 

 and they did well. In* thirty pounds of green forage there are twenty 

 pounds of water. 



Dr. J. E, Snodgrass. — When prize fighters are in training they are 

 deprived wholly of whiskej^ and to n great extent of water. • In this 

 respect we are tauglit a lesson, and we ought to be willing to receive 

 it. I drink very little water myself, and then only at meals. Young 

 stock do not need water, nor in particular do sheep ; and goats seldom 

 or never drink. One reason why cattle drink water is because they 

 have so much salt. In like manner men drink Ayhiskey and use 

 tobacco, and overload themselves with poison, then they want water. 



Mr. N. C. Meckel'. — Some years ago Sylvester Graham taught that 

 we would be better ofl' without water, also that we should use no 

 meat, butter, salt, tea, coffee, or spices of any kind. Now, if he was 

 correct as regards man, and our friends are correct regarding cattle, 

 there must have been some mistake in making water at all. 



Dr. J. V. C. Smith. — I knew Dr. Graham personally ; he consci- 

 entiously lived up to his theory, and he should have lived long, but 

 he died comparatively young. Paracelsus, that great alchemist who 

 professed to be able to perform the most wonderful cures without 



