616 Traxsactioxs of the Americax Ixstitute. 



I. That a stiff clay subsoil tlnis jjlowed up and manured and 

 thoroughly cultivated -will soon become a productive, loamy soil. 



8. That as a general thing the deeper we plow the ground the 

 greater the necessity for manures to increase the average yield of our 

 crojis and the strength and value of our land. 



9. That deeply i)lowed lands are afterward not only more easily 

 worked but can also be worked earlier in the spring and later in 

 autumn than they were or could be before such deep plowing. 



10. That the richest and warmest parts of our soil should always 

 be kept at or near the surface of the ground, to enable our sown or 

 planted seeds to germinate quickly and grow the most vigorously. 



II. That deeply plowed and thoroughly tilled soil will be of a 

 loose and spongy nature, and so, like a sponge, absorb and retain a 

 large amounf'of rain, melting snow or moisture, and so be much 

 better fitted than it otherwise would or could be to rise up and 

 supply, by what is called cajpillary attraction^ the roots of growing 

 plants with sufiicient moisture to make them grow on luxuriantly 

 and profitably in times of great summer drouth. 



12. That deeply plowed and thoroughly tilled soils will, at the 

 same time, through their greatly increased mellowness and porosity, 

 enable the superfluous rain or moisture around the roots of growing 

 plants to sink down into the ground sufficiently quick and deep to 

 do no harm to the growing crops. 



It seems to me that these twelve conclusions, the results of actual 

 practice, cover the whole subject of deep plowing, wherever we can 

 plow deep, and that we are safe in regarding them as maxiins in 

 plowing, rules that we can always depend on and practice with per- 

 fect safet}' and profit. 



CoTToisr, Cotton Seed, and Guaxo. 



Dr. Lewis Feuchtwanger, just returned from an extended t-our 

 through the cotton States, reports great activity among the planters, 

 and the liveliest inquiry for guano and other stimulating manures. 

 One gentleman, whom he met on the road betAveen Montgomery and 

 Mobile, told him a piquant story about the yield of cotton in Han- 

 cock county, Ala., from the use of guano. All southern crops will 

 be pitched heavy, lie thinks Louisiana will yield her old ante-bellic 

 crop of sugar. 



Mr. Horace Greeley. — A planter who throws away his cotton seed, 

 or sells it for oil, and buys guano, is not wise. Ko fertilizer is better 



