364 transactions of the american institute. 



Ozone. 



M. R. Beettgcr has obtained a continuous source of ozone by combining 

 in a capsule of porcelain at ordinary temperature, by means of a glass rod, 

 two parts, troy weiyht, of perfectly dry permanganate of potash with tliree 

 parts of hydratcd sulphuric acid. When the mixture is introduced into a 

 large flask with a glass stoiiper, Ozone is continuously produced by the 

 decomposition of the permanganate of potash. 



In reply to a query regarding the nature of ozone, the Chairman said it 

 is now believed to be an allotropic condition of oxygen. It is much denser 

 than ordinary oxygen, and is distinguished by a peculiar odor. Schonboin, 

 its discoverer, supposes ox^'^gen to exist in two forms, ozone and antozoiie, 

 having opposite polarities. 



Miscellaneous business being still in order, the following queetions were 

 discussed: 



Paper Collars. 



Mr. Jireh Bull stated that, during a recent visit to Ballston Spa, he was 

 politely invited by Mr. I. M. Crane, an intelligent and enterprising citizen 

 of that place, to visit a paper mill owned and operated by him. It is one 

 of a great number v/liich in manufacturing different fabrics utilize the 

 liydraulic power of a stream or creek retaining the Indian name of Kayad- 

 er(jsseras. It takes its vise in the high lands of the town of Corinth, Sara- 

 toga county, about ten miles north of Ballston Spa, and empties into 

 Saratoga Lake. Its length in a straight line is about twenty-five miles. 

 On this stream are located eight paper mills, three of wliich manufacture 

 printing paper, using principally as raw material straw, combined with 

 other fibrous substances found in junk shops in this city, such as worn out 

 cordage and decayed sails of vessels. These three mills make in the aggre- 

 gate from five to six tons of paper daily, and from one of which the New 

 York Sun is supplied. But the paper manufactured by Mr. Crane is for a 

 very different purpose. Mr. Bull exhibited some specimens of collars for 

 men and woinens' wear made from the paper manufactured at this mill, 

 which attracted considerable attention. It is made of the thickness of fine 

 linen, and is a pure white. It leaves the mill in sheets of uniform size, and 

 is sent to the city of Troy, where, by means of nicely adjusted machinery, 

 it is manufactured into collars, with requisite button holes, and indentations 

 resembling fine stitching well calculated to deceive all but critical eyes. 

 It is not perhaps generally knov/n that these collars arc regarded with 

 great favor by the economical classes, and arc also greatly in use by our 

 brave soldiers, and gallant sailors of the navy. Two of these collars fre- 

 quently last a week. They are sold at retail in this market, under the 

 present high price of paper at thirty cents a dozen. 'Mv. Crane's mill con- 

 tains two engines, and he manufactures of this paper a half a ton per diem. 



The Rachette Furnace. 



Mr. A. L. Fleury illustrated on the black-board and described the Uni- 

 versal blast and Smelting furnace invented by Major General W. Rachette^ 

 of Russia. A number of these furnaces were built under the superintendence 



