Rl'Bls NIGROBACCUS 379 



which are distinctly pointed and deeply notched, and which tend 

 1" lose their pubescence. This tact has i < - < 1 to a misunderstand- 



■ the Bpeeies. The garden forms have this character of 

 foliage; in fact, the Topsy, when growing vigorously, almosl 



the white color of the leaves, and there is Little external 

 appearance to indicate thai it belongs to /.'. cuneifolius. This 

 fad 1<-'1 me to question the origin <>f the Topsy blackberry from 



pecies, but a study of the plant in its natural haunts, both in 

 t e North and the South, has convinced me that it is a direct 

 cultivated offshoot of the sand blackberry. 



bbb. Plant diffust and mostly tall, thorny, the leaves and in- 

 florescence distinctly glandular -pubescent; fruit normally 

 black [running into whitish forms). 



h>. Bubus wiorobacci s. R, villosus, authors, not Aiton. Common 



High-bush Blackberry, Long-cluster Blackberry (Figs. 



50, 60 . 

 Distinguished by very tall and usually Bomewhat recurved 

 furrowed stems, strong hooked prickles, three to five large 



or lance-ovate, very distinctly pointed leaflets, which are on 

 distinct stalks, the middle one being long-stalked and sometimes 

 distinctly heart-shaped; the lower surface of the Leaves, as well 

 n< the framework of the flower- clusters, are hairy and glandular; 

 ■ I- elongated, with the large and Bhowy flowers 

 <» r i pedicels an inch or two long, which stand <»ut at right 

 the main axis; fruit- rather firm, long, seedy, mostly 



<>r aromatic. This is the prevailing high-bush blackberry 

 >oda and fence rows of the North, and extends as far Bouth 

 a- the mountains of North Carolina and weal to Iowa, Kansas 

 and Missouri. It is perfectly represented in Pig. 59. In cultiva- 

 tion, it has given the class known as the long-cluster black- 

 berries, of which the Taylor and the Ancienl Briton are examples. 

 The reason for the giving of a new name to tl mmon black- 

 berry is explained on pages 366 to 



Var. s\T!\is. A', villosus \ar. Bailey, Am. G 



Bhort-cluster Blackberry (Figs. 61, 62, 63). 



what lower in growth, the leaflets mostly broader 



and less distinctly I'm.: pointed, and the flower clusters distinctly 



