60 THE HERRING IN HISTORY 



The earliest notice of the herring fishery in 

 France is in the Charter of the Abbey of Saint 

 Catherine, near Rouen, about 1030, where it 

 appears that certain salt works near Dieppe 

 were to pay to the abbey five milliards of 

 herring. 



There is a reference during the reign of King 

 Macbeth of Scotland, 1037 — 54, to a Scottish 

 fishery which was the basis of a small amount 

 of export commerce, but the fish are not 

 defined : — 



* * All hys tyme wes gret plenty 

 Abowndand, bath on land and se." 



Wyntoun's Cronykil of Scotland, 



In Ives' " Garianonum " there is the follow- 

 ing note : " Norwiz ancientment fust un lieu 

 de Grand Fishinge. Vide Cart. Alfr. Est- 

 Anglorum. Epi Sancto Edmundo Mansuram 

 suam in Norwico que annuatim reddit unum 

 lastum de Halecibus. Monast. Ang. Vol. I., 

 fo. 294." Ives says that about the time of 

 Edward the Confessor, 1042 — 66, the sea 

 retreated from the sand at the mouth of the 

 " Aestuary " on which Great Yarmouth now 

 stands; "and then there were two channelles 

 for Shippes and Fishermen to pass and enter 

 into that arme of the sea for utterance of theire 

 fishe and marchandizes, whiche were conveyed 

 to divers partes and places, as well in the 

 countye of Norfolke as in the countye of 

 Suffolke, by reason that all the wholle level 



