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PREFACE 



This monograph is the outgrowth of an investigation car- 

 ried on by the author while a member of the Economic 

 Seminary of the Johns Hopkins University. The chief 

 sources of documentary information have been the trade- 

 union publications contained in the Johns Hopkins library 

 and the files of the Amalgamated Association. This study 

 of the printed material has, however, been supplemented by 

 intimate association and personal interview with officials of 

 the union and with employers in the iron and steel industry. 

 To these — and to Mr. John Williams, president of the 

 union, and to Mr. M. F. Tighe, secretary-treasurer, in par- 

 ticular — the writer feels his deep indebtedness. 



The number of references inserted as footnotes is, it is 

 feared, abnormally great ; but an endeavor has been made 

 to supply them in each instance in order to show that the 

 statements in the monograph are based upon concrete evi- 

 dence and, ir is believed, actual fact. 



The writer desires to express his sincere appreciation to 

 Professor Frank C. Lockwood, Department of English Lit- 

 erature. University of Arizona, for helpful suggestions in 

 the preparation of the manuscript ; and especially to Pro- 

 fessor Jacob H. Hollander and Professor George E. Bar- 

 nett, to whom he owes his first practical guidance in eco- 

 nomic study. 



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