AGRICULTURE IN SCOTLAND — 179I-1796. 75 



yielding from ten to twelve Scotch pints of milk a day. 

 The work horses in the county were also good, having 

 been much improved by the introduction of horses and 

 mares from Hamilton and Rutherglen, as well as by mares 

 and stallions from England. Before the improvements in 

 the county, sheep had been kept on almost every farm, but, 

 when the sowing of wheat and green crops was introduced, 

 the sheep were removed from their old grounds, and were 

 kept almost solely on the Highland hills on the north side 

 of the county, where the land was dry and thin. The 

 Cheviot breed had been tried in some parts of the county, 

 and had answered well. Two Agricultural Societies had 

 been formed in the county, and had had a good elTect by 

 the institution of ploughing matches. Wages of men 

 servants were £6 to i^8 a year, with 6)^ bolls of meal and 

 6d. per week for kitchen money. Women got i^3 per 

 annum and maintenance. The leading roads, having been 

 made under Turnpike Acts, were good, but the cross roads 

 were very bad. Thirlage was also a matter of complaint. 



The small county of KINROSS did not differ materially 

 in its agricultural condition from that of Fife. 



The report on CLACKMANNANSHIRE is written by Mr 

 John Francis Erskine of Mar, and is dated 1795. Much of 

 the small county was fertile, some of the rich lands paying 

 a rent of about 30s. to 50s. per Scotch acre ; while as much 

 as ^3 5s. per Scotch acre had been realized. The poorer 

 lands let at from los. to 15s, A system of rotation was 

 not uniformly followed. ' Turnips are little cultivated, as 

 the soil in the district does not generally answer them.' 

 Artificial grasses had been for some time in use. As 

 regards the live stock, Mr Erskine says, ' little or no 

 attention is paid to the breeding of any kind of stock in 

 this district.' About 20,000 sheep were fed on the Ochils. 

 The farmers did not breed sheep, but purchased them as 

 yearlings chiefly at Linton market, and after they had been 

 shorn three times, they were sold for the butcher. Con- 

 siderable improvement had taken place in ploughing. 



