FAULTY CONFOEMATION 143 



effect the contraction as a whole really going on. It is 

 interesting, too, to note that by this outward cant of the 

 wall below, and the bulging of the coronary margin above 

 it, the contraction {a, a) is heightened in effect, and caused 

 to appear greater than really it is. 



From what we have said it follows that contraction of 

 the heels, excepting the extreme coronary margin, is 

 existent gene-'ally, and not confined solely to a, a. 



We have, then, in this condition, as we indicated at the 

 commencement, but a phase in the evolution of ordinary 

 contracted heels, for, with the progress of the contraction 

 already existing at a, a, and below those points, it is only 

 fair to assume that with it falling in of the at present 

 bulging coronary margin must sooner or later occur, that, 

 though expanded when compared with the wall below it, 

 it will be really contracted as compared with what it was 

 once in that same foot. 



We may therefore conclude this section by remarking 

 that factors tending to contraction of the heels in general 

 are equally potent in the causation of contracted coronet 

 alone. 



Treatment. — Exactly that described for contracted heels. 

 Bearing in mind that contracted coronary margin is but 

 the onset of contracted heels, and that its first exciting 

 cause is that of removal of the ground-pressure upon the 

 frog, the most careful attention must be paid to the shoeing. 

 The use of bar shoes, ordinary frog pads, or heelless shoes 

 and bar pads, are especially indicated, together with 

 abundant exercise. By these means the normal move- 

 ments of expansion will be brought into pla}', and the 

 condition quickly remedied. 



C. FLAT-FOOT. 



Definition . — By this term is indicated a condition of the 

 foot where the natural concavity of the sole is absent. 



Symptoms. — In the flat-foot the inferior edge of the wall, 

 the sole, and the frog, all lie more or less in the same 



