CHAPTER VII 



DISEASES ARISING FEOM FAULTY 

 CONFOEMATION 



A. SAND-CRACK. 



Definition. — A solution of continuity of the horn of the 

 foot, occurring usually in the wall, and following the 

 direction of the horn fibres. 



Classification. — It is usual to classify sand-cracks accord- 

 ing to — 



(a) Their Position. — Toe-crack when occurring in the 

 middle line of the horn of the toe, and quarter-crack when 

 occurring in the horn of the quarters. 



Sand-crack of the frog and sand-crack of the sole rciay 

 also each be met with. They are, however, of rare occur- 

 rence, and are seldom serious enough to merit special 

 attention. 



The toe-crack is met with more often in the hind-foot 

 than in the fore, while the quarter- crack more often than 

 not makes its appearance in the fore-foot, and is there, as 

 a rule, confined to the inner side. The reasons for these 

 positions being so affected we shall deal with when treating 

 of the causes of sand-crack in general. It is interesting to 

 note that the portions of wall known as inside and outside 

 toe are seldom affected. 



{h) Their Length. — Complete when they extend from the 

 coronary margin of the wall to its wearing edge ; Incom- 

 plete when not so extensive. 



(c) Their Severity. — Simple when they occur in the horn 

 only, and do not implicate the sensitive structures beneath ; 

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