8 COMMISSION OF CONSERVATION 



dry and cure the same.". Art. XVIII provided that these liberties were 

 to be in operation for ten years after the necessary laws were passed and, 

 further, until the expiration of two years after notice of termination by 

 either party. 



Art. XXI provided for the reciprocal free admission of fish and fish 

 oil and Art. XXII for a commission to determine the indemnity to be 

 paid to Canada for the fishing privileges in her territorial waters. This 

 commission — commonly known as the Halifax Commission — awarded 

 Great Britain $5,500,000. Of this amount, Canada received $4,490,882 

 and Newfoundland $1,009,118. 



Following the denunciation of the treaty, the Canadian Government 

 seized United States vessels and, in 1886, passed an Act removing any 

 question of liability of forfeiture of vessels for infractions of the 

 statutes respecting purchase of bait, etc. Numerous protests were made 

 by the United States and, after the discussion of these differences, a 

 Commission was appointed by the two Governments to "treat and 

 discuss the mode of settling all questions which have arisen out of the 

 fisheries on the coasts of British North America." 



Chamberlain- ^^ ^ result of their deliberations the, so-called, Cham- 

 Bayard Treaty, berlain-Bayard treaty was signed Feb. 15, 1888. It pro- 

 1888 vided for a commission to delimit the 'bays', etc., from 



which United States fishermen were excluded bj' Art. I of the Treaty of 

 1818. With the exception of Chaleur, Miramichi and other specified 

 bays, the line of exclusion was drawn across the bays in the part nearest 

 the entrance where the width does not exceed ten miles. 



The Treaty was rejected by the United States Senate. 



In 1890, the Parliament of Canada passed an act authorizing the 

 issue of annuiil licenses at a fee of one dollar and a half per ton to fish- 

 ing vessels for the purchase of supplies. 



Newfoundland Fisheries 



Having briefiy reviewed the difi'erenees respecting the fisheries of 

 Canada, it is necessary to notice the conflict between the claims of the 

 United States and Great Britain respecting the rights and privileges of 

 the former in Newfoundland territorial waters, as eml>odied in the Con- 

 vention of 1818. 



Bait Act, Following the denunciation by the United States of the 



1887 Treaty of Washington, and the consequent re-imposition of 



the duties on fish-products, the Newfoundland Government, in 1887, 

 passed a Bait Act (50 Vict. Cap. 1) forbidding the sale or export of "any 

 Herring, (^aplin. Squid or other bait fishes." Prior to the passage of this 

 Act, United States vessels resorting to the 'banks' purchased their bait in 



