BOOK VIII. I. 3-II. 3 



preference the terms employed in our own language, 

 are enclosures for farm-yard fowls and likewise for 

 birds which are fattened in coops, or else for aquatic 

 animals. On the other hand, in the neighbourhood 4 

 of the farm [xeXLcraaJves and x^^^'^P^^^^'^ (bee-hives 

 and goose-pens) find their place, and there are also 

 carefully managed XayoTpocf)€La (feeding-places for 

 hares). To these we give a set of similar names, 

 speaking of apiaries, where bees are lodged, aviaries 

 for swimming birds which take their pleasure in pools 

 and fish-ponds, and vivaria for wild creatures which 

 are confined in enclosed woodlands. 



II. First then I will give instructions about the of the 

 creatures which are fed within the precincts of the of "a'rm-^''^*^ 

 farm. With regards to other animals it may yard 

 perhaps be doubted whether country people should ^°" '^^' 

 possess them ; but the keeping of hens by farmers is 

 quite a general practice. They fall into three 

 classes, the farm-yard fowl, the " rustic "-hen ^ and the 

 African fowl. The farm-yard fowl is the bird 2 

 commonly to be seen on almost every farm. The 

 " rustic "-cock which is not very different from the 

 farm-yard bird and is caught by the wiles of the 

 fowler, is found in the greatest number in the island 

 in the Ligurian sea to which sailors have given the 

 name Gallinaria,'' a lengthened form of the Latin 

 word for hen. The African fowl," which most people 

 call Numidian, resembles the meleagris,^ except 

 that it has on its head a red helmet and crest, both of 

 which are blue on the meleagris. Of these three kinds 3 

 the female farm-yard fowls alone are properly called 

 hens, its males being called cocks and the half-males 



^ Our term for the turkey family, Meleagridae, is derived 

 from this word. 



