BIRD CLUBS 219 



farm of twenty-eight hundred acres which has been 

 given to bird attraction and protection. Mr. Jeffer- 

 son Butler, one of Michigan's ornithologists, was 

 employed before his death to superintend the devel- 

 opment of the farm. The entire farm is managed 

 with the sole thought of attracting birds. Bird-ene- 

 mies are disposed of. Shrubs and vines are planted 

 the fruits of which are eaten by birds. Thickets are 

 allowed to grow to furnish nesting-sites for birds. A 

 river has been dammed to make a marsh of thirty 

 acres for the water-birds. Varieties of nesting-boxes 

 have been put up by the hundreds. Automatic feed- 

 ing-devices are kept in many places and these are 

 well supplied with food during the winter. 



The results are already evident in the increased 

 number of birds. One writer estimates that there 

 are ten times as many birds to the acre on this farm 

 as anywhere else in the State. In a glen by the river, 

 about two hundred feet long by thirty feet wide, 

 twenty -three pairs of birds, including fifteen species, 

 were found nesting in one season. 



Mention may be made also of Messrs. Edward A. 

 Mcllhenny and Charles W. Ward, who have done 

 much for the protection of birds in the State of 

 Louisiana through the establishment of bird pre- 

 serves. They at first established a private preserve 

 of about fifty thousand acres on the coast of Louisi- 

 ana, in the heart of the greatest winter home of 

 ducks on the continent of North America. Game 



