42 MATER i A MEDIC A AND THERAPEUTICS. 



Tartarata is like the carbonates, but purgative ; and more rapidly 

 and distinctly diuretic and alkalinising, by virtue of the potash 

 it contains. Sodce *Acetas and Sodas Nitras are used pharmaceu- 

 tically only. Sodce Sulphas and Sodce Phosphas are chiefly hydra- 

 gogue purgatives and cholagogues, the former acting more on 

 the bowels, the latter more on the liver. Sodii Chloridum is 

 in large doses a free and safe emetic ; an anthelmintic as enema ; 

 it possesses otherwise the ordinary action of soda, and is greatly 

 used for this purpose as the waters of Homburg, "Wiesbaden, 

 Kissingen, and Baden-Baden, and as sea-water. The remaining 

 salts of soda possess peculiar properties by virtue of their second 

 constituent, and are described elsewhere Sodce Arsenias under 

 Arsenic ; Sodce Chloratce Liquor, under Chlorine ; Sodce Hypo- 

 phosphis under Phosphorus ; Sodae Biboras under Acidum 

 Boricum ; Sodce Valerianas under Valerianse Radix. 



AMMONIUM. NH 4 . 18. 



The following are the officinal salts and prepara- 

 tions of ammonium, arranged according to their source : 



1. A III ill Oil i 8 Chloridum. Chloride of Ammonium. 

 Muriate of Ammonia. Sal Ammoniac. NH 4 C1. 



Source. Made by neutralising Ammoniacal Gas Liquor 

 with Hydrochloric Acid, and evaporating. NH 4 HO -j- HC1 = 

 NH 4 C1 + H 2 0. 



Characters. Colourless translucent fibrous masses, inodor- 

 ous and tough. Solubility, 1 in 4 of water ; soluble in spirit. 



Impurities. Iron and lead. 



TJase. 5 to 20 yr. 



from Ammonii Chloridum are made : 



a. Liquor Ammonige Fortior. Strong solution of 

 Ammonia. NH 3 (32-5 per cent.yin water. 



Source. Made by heating Chloride of . Ammonium 

 with Slaked Lime, and collecting the gaseous product in 

 water. 2NH 4 C1 + CaH 2 O 2 = 2NH 3 + CaCl 2 + 2H 2 0. 



Characters. A colourless liquid with a very pungent 

 characteristic odour, and strong alkaline reaction. 



Impurities. Ammonium chloride, sulphide, and 

 sulphate ; lime, and metals. Detected by usual tests. 



Preparations. 



a. Linimentum Camphorae Composituni. Com- 

 pound Liniment of Camphor. Strong solution of 

 Ammonia, Camphor, Rectified Spirit, and Oil of 

 Lavender ; 1 in 4i. 



