CINCHONA. - 259 



Characters. Flowers small, white, fragrant, in cymes. 

 Composition. Elder flowers contain a trace of volatile oil, 

 a resin, and baldrianic (valerianic) acid, C 5 H 10 02. 



Preparation. 

 Aqua Sambuci. 1 in 1, by distillation. Dose, 1 to 2 fl.oz. 



ACTION AND USES. 



Elder flowers are chiefly used for flavouring purposes, but 

 probably possess mild diaphoretic and diuretic properties. 



CINCHONACE^B. 



Cinchonas Flavae Cortex YELLOW-CINCHONA 

 BARK. The bark of Cinchona Calisaya. Collected in 

 Bolivia and southern Peru. 



Characters. In flat pieces, uncoated or deprived of the 

 periderm, rarely in coated quills, from six to eighteen inches 

 long, one to three inches wide, and two to four lines thick, 

 compact and heavy ; outer surface brown, marked by broad 

 shallow irregular longitudinal depressions; inner surface 

 tawny-yellow, fibrous ; transverse fracture shortly and finely 

 fibrous. Powder cinnamon-brown, somewhat aromatic, persis- 

 tently bitter. 



Cinchonas Pallidec Cortex PALE - CINCHONA 

 BARK. The bark of Cinchona Gondaminea. B.C., 

 vars. Chahuarguera Pavon, and crispa Tafalla. 

 From Loxa. 



Characters. From half a line to a line thick, in single or 

 double quills, from 6 to 15 inches long, 2 to 8 lines in diameter, 

 brittle, easily splitting longitudinally, and breaking with a 

 short transverse fracture ; outer surface brown and wrinkled, or 

 grey and speckled with adherent lichens, with or without numer- 

 ous transverse cracks ; inner surface bright orange or cinnamon- 

 brown ; powder pale brown, slightly bitter, very astringent. 



Cinchona; Rubrae Cortex R ED-CINCHONA 

 BARK. The bark of Cinchona succirubra. Collected 

 on the western slopes of Chimborazo. 



Characters. In flat or incurved pieces, less frequently in 

 quills, coated with the periderm, varying in length from a few 



