RI:VII:\V or i.iiT.RA in;r. 23 



years through the researches of ( liven," Ringer and Sains- 

 hury/' and others. Tin 1 necessity of the lime salts for coagulation 

 was lirst >hown positively by the important investigations of Arthus 

 and Paircs.' In regard to the manner in which the lime .salts act 

 a conclusion has been reached by Freund, d who claims that the sep- 

 aration of the excess of calcium phosphate is the cause of a part of the 

 protein becoming insoluble that is, a cause forcoagulation. Weighty 

 objections to this view can be raided, and it is refuted by Latschen- 

 berirer and Straiich.' According to Pekelharinjj:." the process is as 

 follows: The prothrombin is converted into thromhin by the action 

 of the >oluble lime salts, aiuf iluids which are in all other respects 

 kbfe of coagulation, but contain onlyprothrombin and no thromhin, 



can therefore be coagulated by the addition of soluble lime salts. 



Thromhin is , ( lime combination of j)rothrombin, and the proce of 



illation con-i-t- in the thromhin carrying the lime to the lihrino- 



\\hich is converted into the insoluble combination of librin and 



lim.-. S :.d impoi-talil papers have appeared, notably those of 



Field/ Mora\\it/.' and L.eb..' de.-dini: \\ith the role of calcium in the 



-illation of the hlood. While the literature on this subject lias 



not hem fully covered in this report, its importance demands more 



than a pas-ini: reference in a paper dealing with calcium metabolism. 



It has be-n vj|,,\Mi by the in ve>t i-jat ions . >f ( 'a \ a/./.aiii ' t hat the lime 



salt- an of importance ill the coagulation of the muscle-pla-ma M 



well as in that of the blood. 



The inorganic OODfltituentfl of the bony st nu-ture, the so-called bone 

 <arths. \\hicli remain after the complete calcination of the organic 

 .substance a> a white, hrittl ; u-i-t chielly of calcium and phos- 



phoric acid, but 'bon dioxid and, in smaller amounts, 



Medium, chloi'in. and thiorin. Alkali sulphates and iron, which 

 have b;-eii found in hnc ash, d-; not -eem to hrlon.cr to the bone tia8U 

 it - If, but to the nutritive fluid or ot he r parts of the bones. According 

 to Gabriel' pota-Murn and -odium aiv e^niti.-d con-f it iieni s of bone 



a-h. The opinions of ini >rs differ somewhat as t<> the manner 



,8:372. 



6 I bid , 1S<K), //: 



' .-MtrM.. 1S!1 , I , p. :,ll. 

 Ubiil., 1889(1), p. 

 AI>- :!!. 1S!H) (I , ],. ir,'. 



/ Bhrtgerinntiiigstbeorie. I>iss., I>or|>:it, 1889. 



PAbs. Chem. C.-ntrbl., 1S2 (J 

 *CentrbI. I'hy<i..I., 1!M): 



It. An h. klin. MIM!., 190;i-4, 47!' : 1. 



/Beitr.chem. I'hy.<i.)l. Path., 1903-t,.x l!)l, liK)i Arch, Path. Anat. Phy- 



siol., 190.i 1906, 7&5:160; J. Mod. Research, !!*):{, 7^:407. 



j 'sJahiw-Ber., \w, j/:346. 

 . ph : 



