218 CALIFORNIA ACADEMY OF SCIENCES. 



oviduct. Each of these bears distally three egg-tubes. 

 A double spermathteca opens into the base of the 

 vagina. He figures also Goniodes dissimilis, in which 

 the vagina is a straight tube branching in front into 

 two rather wide oviducts into which open five egg-tubes. 

 Into the posterior side of each duct three blind tubes 

 open internal to the ovarian tubules. Kramer 

 describes the female organs of Lipeuriis jejunus, giving 

 five as the number of egg-tubes present. 



From the descriptions just given it is evident that 

 the two suborders differ from each other in regard to 

 the female organs simply in that there is a tendency 

 amongst Amblyceran forms toward a reduction of the 

 number of ovarian tubules from five — the constant 

 number in the Ischnocera — to three. 



The eggs (plate xvii, fig. 8) are large, oval, and gen- 

 erally rather elongated. They are attached to the bases 

 of the feathers singly or in groups. On birds badly 

 infested large numbers of eggs may be found. They 

 are fastened by one end, having that end from which 

 the embryo will emerge directed toward the tip of the 

 feather. When the embryo leaves the egg it pushes off 

 a circular cap and partly protrudes itself. In Doco- 

 phorus fulighiosus the embryos apparently remain in 

 the mouth of the open egg for some time, for many 

 were found in this position. Some found thus were 

 very immature (plate xvii, figs. 9 and 10), having the 

 mandibles entirely unchitinized, the maxillce almost as 

 large as the mandibles, and the labium large, consisting 

 of a transverse basal position and two lateral lobes. 

 The most immature of those found free from the egg 

 had the mandibles well chitinized. 



Little has been done on the embryology of the 

 Mallophaga. Tlie work of Nusbaum (1882) on the 



