LIST OF ILLUSTRATIONS xxi 



FIGURES PAGE 



53. Splitting the stock with the grafting tool which is driven in 



with a wooden mallet 79 



54. Opening the cleft for the insertion of the cions .... 80 



55. Cions cut for insertion in the cleft 80 



56. Cions inserted in cleft ready for waxing 80 



57. The graft after being waxed 81 



58. Bark-graft, showing the method of cutting cions and inserting 



in stock 81 



59. Side-graft 82 



60. Bridge-graft showing cions inserted 82 



61. An uncongenial graft union 84 



62. A dibber 90 



63. Chard beet 92 



64. Celeriac, untrimmed root and root trimmed for market . 94 



65. Chicory root 94 



66. Root of horse-radish . ' 94 



67. Onion in flower ., . 100 



68. Top onion, one kind of "sets" 100 



69. Chives 102 



70. Leek 102 



71. Wild cabbage plant in seed on chalk cliffs of England . . 103 



72. The Savoy cabbage " . 104 



73. Brussels sprouts 105 



74. Kale 105 



75. Head of cauliflower 105 



76. Celery banked with earth 107 



77. Endive 107 



78. Leaf type of lettuce 108 



79. Head type of lettuce 108 



80. The soybean Ill 



81. Eggplant Ill 



82. Pepper 112 



83. Tomato trained on a stake 112 



84. Field pumpkin 115 



85. Square system of orchard planting 124 



86. Quincunx system of orchard planting 124 



87. Hexagonal or equilateral triangular system of orchard 



planting 125 



88. Showing where to cut tree back to whip after planting . . 127 



89. Nodules on roots of legume 129 



90. A one-year-old apple tree before pruning ...... 135 



