ASEXUAL PROPAGATION ON ROOTS OF OTHER PLANTS 75 





important point in wrapping is to keep the string tight, and to 

 wrap so that all portions of the bark are held down firmly. 



116. Removing the ligatures. In order to prevent gir- 

 dling, in about ten days after 



budding the strings are cut on 

 the side of the tree opposite the 

 bud. 



117. Topping the budded 

 trees. When it is desired to 

 force out the bud, the top of 

 the tree is cut off to cause the 



sap and food material to go to FlG - 4o.-insertin g the bud. 



the bud. Sometimes the top is cut off at one operation to 

 within a half inch of the bud. Many prefer to cut off a part 

 of the top first, so as to avoid shocking the 

 tree, and later to cut back to 

 the proper distance. When it 

 is desired to produce a tree the 

 same season as it is budded, as 

 in June-budding, topping must 

 be performed in that season, 

 but in fall-budding, since it is 

 undesirable to have the buds 

 forced out the same season, 

 topping is not done until the Fl Sed 47 with string. 



following Spring. The string is tied 



118. Other forms of bud- 



Fl f n8 etteT T Notiir ding. While shield-budding is 

 thf bu h d%Ci is the common form, other meth- 





tightly and is held 

 by the end being 

 pulled under the 

 last wind. Al- 

 though a portion 

 of the edges of the 

 bark shows be- 

 tween the winds 

 of the string, the 

 flaps are held 

 down securely at 

 all parts. 



bark n and n th e at the ods are used in special cases. 

 ap the 6 edge Spur-budding,patch-,andring- 

 buddingareemployedon thick- 

 barked trees where shield-budding does not give good results. 

 Twig- or spur-budding differ from shield-budding only in that 

 a spur or short twig on which there is a bud or buds 



