80 



HORTICULTURE FOR SCHOOLS 



wider at the outside part than it is on the inside portion. 

 The cion is inserted as shown in the figure in such a manner 



that its cambium and 

 that of the stock come 

 together at some point. 

 The cion should be 

 pushed down until the lowest bud is even 

 with the top of the stock. When the 

 wedge is removed from the cleft, the 

 elasticity of the stock causes the cion to 

 be held firmly. It is well to insert two 

 cions, one on either side of the stub, be- 



FIG. 54. Opening the 



cleft for the insertion cause healing takes place more rapidly 

 than 



of the cions. 



is the case if only one is inserted. 

 The extra cion can be cut out later. On large stubs a num- 

 ber of cions are often used to facilitate healing. All cut sur- 

 faces should be covered with grafting-wax, 

 including the top cut surfaces of the cions. 

 Frequently in cleft-grafting, which is 

 much used in the top-grafting of old trees, 

 the stub is split at one side of 

 the center, or in several places, 

 so that the cleft does not run 

 through the central portion of 

 the tree. As the clefts can 

 thus be made smaller than if 

 they go through the center, 

 they heal faster. 



130. Kerf -graft or inlay- 

 j. In this graft a triangular 

 cutler ins"er- piece is cut out of the stock, 



tion in the . ' 



cleft. usually by means of a special 



tool, the base of the cion is cut to fit, and is inserted 

 in the space in the stock. The cion must be tied 

 firmly in place and waxed. The kerf -graft is preferred 



it for inser- piece IS CUt OUt of the stock, FIG. 56. Cions in- 

 on in the r serted in cleft 



M- usually by means of a special ready for waxing. 



