90 HORTICULTURE FOR SCHOOLS 



plant and down in the ground a short distance to prevent the 

 cutworms from getting to the stem. Crop-rotation should 

 be practiced where cutworms are present. 1 



147. Tools. Before beginning work in the garden, the 

 necessary tools should be sharpened and otherwise made 

 ready for immediate use. For a small garden, a spade, a 

 rake, a hoe, and a hand-weeder may be all that is necessary, 

 but for larger gardens the following list may prove suggestive : 

 Wheelbarrow, mallet, stout cord, tape-line, stakes, tin-cans, 

 hand cultivators, spading-fork, dibbers (Fig. 62) or trowels, 

 sprinkling cans, hose, sprayers, wrenches, files, whetstone, 

 and grindstone or emery wheel. Proper care will greatly 

 prolong the life of implements. They should 

 never be left out exposed to the weather. 

 Paint should be applied to tools when 

 needed. Tools should be cleaned of soil after 

 each use. 



148. Garden plans. It is well to plan 

 the garden and secure the necessary seed 

 somewhat in advance of planting time. Plans 

 should be drawn to scale, and should show 

 FZQ. 62. A each row of the particular vegetable to be 

 grown. The plan should indicate the length 

 of growing season of the different vegetables and the 

 time of planting. Such facts may be obtained from seed 

 catalogues. 



With many kinds of vegetables (lettuce is a good 

 example), all the seeds should not be sown at once, but 

 small quantities should be planted from time to time 

 throughout the growing season, that the supply of the 

 vegetable may be continuous. 



149. Classes of vegetables. Vegetables may be classified 

 according to the season favorable for their growth, as spring, 

 summer, or fall vegetables. They may be classed as annual, 



1 Diseases and insects are treated more fully in later chapters. 



