182 BUSH-FRUITS 



Country Gentleman for 1881 speaks of it as having originated 

 with W. S. Carpenter. Said to be less vigorous, earlier, and 

 smaller than the Shaffer, propagating only by tips. Fruit round- 

 ish, obtuse conical, red or dark maroon, with a slight bloom. 

 Flesh quite firm, juicy and rich. 



Norwood (Norwood's Prolific). A variety originated in Massa- 

 chusetts. A vigorous grower, propagating by tips. Fruit of 

 good size, similar to Philadelphia. Gar. Month. 17: 333. 



Percy. A hybrid between Gregg and Cuthbert, produced by 

 Professor William Saunders, of London, Ont. Said to be of 

 large size and best quality, sweeter than Shaffer, but otherwise 

 much like it. Mich. Exp. Sta. Bull. Ill: 298. 



Philadelphia. A chance seedling, found wild near Philadel- 

 phia, Pa., about 1835, which proved itself to be hardy, pro- 

 ductive, and well suited to light soils in the southern portions of 

 the Middle states. Described as vigorous, tall, branching, almost 

 free from spines. Fruit medium, roundish, dark crimson or pur- 

 plish red; flesh rather soft, moderately juicy, mild subacid. 

 Downing. This variety resembles Eubus strigosus much more 

 closely than do the Catawissa, Shaffer, and others of the true 

 Purple-cane type; yet it is evidently intermediate between the 

 red and black raspberries, and not a true red raspberry. Al- 

 though propagating by suckers, these are produced but sparingly, 

 and the fruit is darker in color than the true red raspberries. 

 Dr. Morse, in the Missouri Agricul. Report for 1886, p. 362, says: 

 "A year ago I found a Philadelphia rooted at the tip in my 

 grounds. This year I watched them, and find that there is quite a 

 tendency to root at the tips. If put in too deeply they damp off. 

 I think it is a different variety." 



Purple Cane (Purple Prolific, English Purple, Red Prolific, 

 American Red Cane, Garden Raspberry, Huntsville, English Red, 

 Allen and English Brown erroneously) . This is probably the 

 oldest cultivated variety of this type. It was grown about New 

 York at least seventy -five years ago. It is supposed to have been 

 a native variety. Described as having strong, tall, recurved 

 canes, often branching, reddish purple. Spines rather long, stiff, 

 and moderately numerous. Berries small, purple, good, but too 

 soft for market. 



Purple Dulcet. Mentioned in the Illinois Horticultural Society 

 Report, 1875: 268. 



Bed Cane. Probably a synonym of Purple Cane. Hov. Mag. 

 1858: 420. 



Redfield Sent out for trial in 1894 by J. Wragg & Sons, of 

 Waukee, la. First offered for sale by the Iowa Seed Company, of 



