PURPLE-CANE VARIETIES 183 



Des Moines, in the fall of 1895. Discovered on the farm of D. W. 

 Humphrew, near Redfield, Iowa. Resembles Shaffer in color and 

 size, but said to be of better quality. Propagates by tips. Mich. 

 Exp. Sta. Bull. Ill: 304. 



Reliance. A descendant of Philadelphia, raised by O. L. Fel- 

 ten, of N. J. Described as hardy, vigorous and very productive. 

 Canes strong, branching, with greenish spines. Fruit large, 

 nearly globular or roundish oblate, dark red or crimson, firm, 

 juicy, sweet and sprightly, but not of high flavor. Figured in 

 Gardener's Monthly 1877: 302. Practically a strigosus variety. 



Salzer Everbearing Red. Origin Illinois. Introduced by the 

 John A. Salzer Seed Co., Lacrosse, Wis., as a cross between the 

 Shaffer and the Marlboro. Mich. Exp. Sta. Bull. Ill: 306. 



Sarah. Originated by Professor William Saunders, London, 

 Ont., from the seed of the Shaffer. Described as a moderate 

 grower, suckering freely, and propagating only that way. Fruit 

 large, round, deep garnet, firm, very juicy, pleasantly acid, and 

 exceptionally rich, ripening after Cuthbert. Mich. Exp. Sta. 

 Bull. Ill: 306. 



Saunders Hybrid (No. 53?). A hybrid between Philadelphia 

 and Mammoth Cluster, produced by William Saunders, of London, 

 Ont. Said to be productive, large, dark red, propagating from 

 tips only. Mich. Exp. Sta. Bull. Ill: 303. 



Shaffer (Shaffer's Colossal). This is, at the present time, 

 .doubtless, the best known variety of this type. It originated in 

 the garden of George Shaffer, near Scotsville, Monroe county, 

 N. Y., about 1871. Introduced by Charles A. Green, of Roches- 

 ter. It is a vigorous, upright grower, and one of the most pro- 

 ductive raspberries known. Fruit large, dark red or purple, mod- 

 erately firm, sprightly, subacid. Its color is too dark to be 

 attractive, but if picked before fully ripe, while yet red, it looks 

 fairly well in market. An excellent canning variety. It also 

 dries well, being of more attractive color when dried than true 

 red raspberries, and producing more pounds of dried fruit per 

 bushel. In quality it is not far behind the red raspberries, with a 

 richness not possessed by them. 



Shaffer Seedling No. 5. A seedling of Shaffer, mentioned as 

 on trial at the Rhode Island Experiment Station. 



Smith Purple. Originated with B. F. Smith, of Lawrence, 

 Kans. Possesses all the characteristics of the black -cap except in 

 color of fruit, which is of medium size, good quality, and has the 

 black-cap flavor. Mich. Exp. Sta. Bull. Ill: 310. 



Stayman No. 1. A seedling of Shaffer originated with Dr. J. 

 Stayman, of Leavenworth, Kans., in 1884. Said to be large, re- 



