WESTERN DEWBERRY VARIETIES 249 



expected, though they resemble the Aughinbaugh in most of their 

 characteristics. These he also considers valuable, the fruit ripen- 

 ing early, being shining black and very long, some specimens 

 having measured as much as two and one -fourth inches. The 

 Loganberry appears to promise well in the Eastern states. In 

 Rhode Island it passed the winter perfectly when covered, though 

 those left uncovered were killed. The fruit ripened with the 

 raspberry and, while not high flavored, was improved by cooking, 

 and made a desirable sauce. The plant propagates slowly. 



Mammoth. The American Agriculturist, 1897, p. 494, prints a 

 picture of this fruit, natural size, in which individual berries are 

 two and one-fourth inches long and about an inch wide; and it 

 has the following account: "The Mammoth blackberry was orig- 

 inated by Judge J. H. Logan, the originator of the now famous 

 Loganberry, descriptions and illustrations of which have appeared 

 in former numbers of this journal. Judge Logan informs us that 

 the Mammoth is a cross between the wild blackberry of California 

 (Rubus ursinus)* and the Texas Early, the former a species of the 

 dewberry type, while the latter has more the shrubby habit of the 

 high blackberry. The most remarkable feature about this new 

 blackberry is that while the fruits of both parents are below 

 medium in size, a cross between the two should produce berries of 

 the largest size, specimens measuring two and three-eighths inches 

 in length being not unusual. When fully ripe, the berries are 

 sweet and of excellent flavor, and for cooking or canning they are 

 unrivaled. Unlike the high blackberry, the Mammoth does not 

 throw up sprouts from its roots, and cannot be propagated from 

 root -cuttings. Instead, its canes run from twenty-five to thirty 

 feet in one season, and strike roots at their ends or tips, like 

 Black- cap raspberries. So far this interesting novelty has not 

 been sufficiently tried outside of its original locality to establish 

 its value for general cultivation, the results of which are eagerly 

 looked for by progressive fruit-growers." 



Primus. A variety produced by Luther Burbank, of Santa 

 Rosa, California, and said by him to be a cross between Rubus 

 vitifolius and R. cratcegifolius. The plant is said to be a strong 

 grower and productive, having in part the trailing habit of the 

 pistillate parent. It is thickly covered with short, blunt prickles, 

 and propagates by tips, though with some difficulty. Fruit large, 

 long, blunt, conical or oval, juicy, subacid, aromatic, resembling 

 the raspberry in flavor, adhering to the core and ripening with the 

 Hansell raspberry. A colored plate, together with a description, 

 appears in the report of the United States Pomologist for 1892. 



*R. mttfolius. 



