JAPANESE WINEBERRT 321 



but more or less recurved on the smaller ones; leaves trifo- 

 liolate, or on young, vigorous shoots pedately 5-foliolate; leaf- 

 lets 5-8 cm. long, ovate, acuminate, thickish, coarsely and 

 doubly serrate, perfectly green and glabrous on both sides, not 

 shiny, armed on the midrib beneath, and even on the lateral 

 veins, with recurved or straight prickles ; lateral leaflets on 

 very short, 1-2 mm. long petioles; terminal leaflet sometimes 

 3-lobed; petioles stout, usually glaucous, 2-5 cm. long, armed 

 with stout recurved prickles; stipules setaceous, about 8 mm. 

 long; flowers in terminal corymbs, or a few in the axils of the 

 upper leaves, these solitary .or in clusters of two or three; 

 peduncles and pedicels stout and more densely armed than the 

 branchlets; sepals in fruit green, glabrous, deltoid-lanceolate, 

 long-acuminate, 12 mm. long; petals and stamens not seen; 

 fruit nearly black, without bloom, dry and rather tasteless; 

 young carpels neither glaucous nor tomentose; seeds large. 



"Closely related to E. leucodermis, Dougl., and E. occidentalis, 

 Linn., from both of which it is readily distinguished by the 

 entire absence of pubescence on the under side of the leaves. 

 It is also much more strongly and densely armed than either. 



"The plant occurs sparingly in Snake River canon, and 

 Wawawai and Almota, Whitman county, Washington. It grows 

 usually along stream banks, but occasionally in crevices of moist 

 cliffs." Piper. 



19. R. PHCENICOLASIUS, Maximowicz. Japanese Wineberry, Jap- 

 anese Raspberry. R. occidentalis, Thunb. 



Stems 3-5 feet (9-15 decimeters) high, densely hirsute with 

 reddish, glandular-tipped hairs, and occasional long straight 

 prickles, which become recurved on the petioles and veins be- 

 neath the leaves; leaflets 3, broadly ovate, acuminate, incised- 

 serrate, whitened -downy beneath, the middle one often somewhat 

 3-lobed, petiolate, and much the larger, the lateral ones sessile; 

 inflorescence paniculate, pedicels short, erect, calyx very hairy, 

 closely clasping the fruit till nearly mature, when it becomes 

 horizontally withdrawn; sepals lanceolate, awl-pointed, stamens 

 withdrawing with the calyx; petals minute, obovate; fruit small, 

 red, acrid, drupes small, weakly coherent; seeds small, smooth, 

 easily crushed. 



Original distribution. Upon the Islands of Yezo and Nipon, 

 in Japan. 



The species was described in 1872, and in 1880 was figured in 

 the Botanical Magazine* from plants grown at Kew. Frequent 



*t. 6479. 

 u 



