464 BUSH-FRUITS 



prickles; thorns mostly triple, heavy and thick at the base, the 

 central one %-/ inch (10-13 mm.) long; leaves thick and very 

 glossy, pubescent; petioles sometimes sparsely beset with glandu- 

 lar-tipped hairs'; peduncles short, 1-2 -flowered, pubescent or 

 glandular; calyx strongly pubescent, greenish, tube broad, bell- 

 shaped; lotees broadly ovate, thickish and leaf-like; petals obo- 

 vate, reaching to the base of the anthers; stamens shorter than 

 the calyx lobes; style commonly 2-cleft, villous at base; ovary 

 pubescent or glandular; berry generally oval, large, green, yel- 

 lowish green or red, minutely but roughly pubescent, often with 

 scattered prickles or glandular -tipped hairs also. 



Original Distribution. Europe, northern Africa and western 

 Asia. Linn6 applied the name uva crispa to the smooth-fruited 

 form. 



Botanically, the American and European gooseberry differ but 

 little. The above characters appear to separate wild forms, but 

 may not be constant in cultivation. Horticulturally the two spe- 

 cies differ much. This is the parent of the English gooseberries. 

 It is widely cultivated throughout Europe, and endless varieties 

 have been produced. Thory* describes and illustrates by colored 

 plates no less than fifteen forms which he ranks as botanieal 

 varieties. 



25. R. CYNOSBATI, Linn. (Fig. 94.) 



Compact shrub, 2-4 feet (6-12 decimeters) high; branches 

 commonly smooth, sometimes beset with fine, slender, reflexed 

 prickles; thorns commonly single, slender, fine pointed, &-f inch 

 (5-10 mm.) long; leaves 3-5-lobed, coarsely and bluntly toothed; 

 petioles long and slender, pubescent, and bearing glandular-tipped 

 hairs; peduncles long, filiform, 1-2 -flowered, pubescent and glan- 

 dular; flowers small, greenish, calyx tube broadly bell-shaped; 

 lobes narrow, oblong, acute, half as long as the tube; petals 

 minute, half as long as the calyx lobes ; stamens shorter than the 

 calyx; style single or 2-cleft, slightly longer than the stamens; 

 ovary glandular-hispid; berry large, generally prickly, reddish 

 purple. 



New Brunswick to the mountains of North Carolina and west- 

 ward to the Eocky Mountains. 



This is a promising species. As found wild, its fruit is larger 

 than that of E. oxyacanthoides, often reaching half an inch in 

 diameter. Though generally prickly, plants with smooth fruit 



"Monographie ou Histoire Naturelle du Genre Grosseillier. 



