34 



to control the Purple Scale, it should be some consolation to know 

 that all the other scale pests have been controlled at the same time. 



The above should show the necessity of thoroughly treating trees 

 before planting, and not to rely too much on inspection. 



The female of the Purple Scale lays 25 to 30 eggs when she is 

 about three months old from which are hatched the minute yellow 

 youngsters who, after crawling around a day or two, settle for life 

 like the other scales, and throw out a couple of long hairs which 

 seem to protect them in some way from the larva of the lady-birds 

 until the scale cover begins to form, but the hairy appearance re- 

 mains for a month or so and is a good indication that the scale are 

 young and in good condition to be killed by fumigation. 



The young scale are shaped much like an oyster shell, being often 

 known as oyster shell scale, and the pointed end grows longer as 

 they become older. 



The adult is about y% of an inch long and 1-16 of an inch wide 

 in the rear, coming nearly to a point at the other end, which in 

 the female is curved. Three or four generations are hatched in a 

 year, but the larger number come in the fall months, therefore the 

 early fall is the best time to fumigate for this scale, but at no time 

 are they approximately all in about the same condition of growth, 

 and as the eggs are not usually killed by gas, one fumigation never 

 gives a complete killing, though lessening them to aomo extent,, 

 and they have often been treated in this way with benefit. 



The plan giving best results is to fumigate well about from August 

 15th to Sept. 15th, which kills the scale then in the breathing stage, 

 then in about ten weeks, when the eggs remaining have hatched, 

 but the young are not old enough to begin laying eggs, fumigate 

 again, which will put the trees in good shape, and the hatch for 

 the future will come more nearly at the same time so that the regu- 

 lar treatments at the usual periods will keep the trees in good 

 shape, and for those who can afford to follow this plan it is econ- 

 omy for them to do so. Sprays have practically no effect on this 

 scale, and only the best of fumigation will be satisfactory. 



The Glovers Scale belonging to the same family with the Purple 

 Scale is of comparatively very little importance. Its appearance 

 is very similar, but it is not so broad in the rear, is more nearly 

 straight and not usually quite so long. We know of none in this 

 County on citrus trees, and very little in Southern California, but 

 on box-wood we very frequently find it. Fumigation is the best 

 remedy. 



