128 THE PRAISE OF GARDENS 



irregular ground (Alphand). He wanted obstacles to overcome^ if there were 

 none, he raised a mountain on a plain. 



His style had something of the modern English manner ', but his projects were 

 rarely carried into execution. Gabriel Thouin asserts ("'Plans Raisonnts"} 

 that the first example of modern Landscape gardening was given by Diifresny 

 in the Faubourg St Antoine. 



ENGELBERT Doctor and Traveller. Born at Lemgow in Westphalia; travelled while 



KAEMPFER youtjl in j^ ort h Germany, Holland and Poland ; at 32 joined Swedish Diplo- 



' 5 ' 7 / matic service and travelled through Russia and Tartary to Ispahan. Entered 



Dutch East India Company as surgeon and sailed to Batavia (1688) and Japan 



(1690), with which countries the Dutch were then the only traders. 1694, 



returned to Europe, first to Leyden then Lemgow where he wrote ' ' History 



of Japan" (1727-8) and " Amcenitates Exoticce" and practised as Physician. 



Kdmpfer is called by Mr B. H. Chamberlain "the scientific discoverer of 



Japan." 



'T V HE Garden is the only place we Dutchmen, being treated in 

 * all respects little better than prisoners, have liberty to walk 

 into. It takes in all the room behind the house, it is commonly 

 square, with a back door, and wall'd in very neatly like a cistern 

 or pond, for which reason it is called Tsubo, which in the 

 Japanese language signifies a large water-trough or cistern. If 

 there be not room enough for a garden, they have at least an old 

 ingrotted plane, cherry or apricock tree. The older, the more 

 crooked and monstrous this tree is, the greater value they put 

 upon it. Sometimes they let the branches grow into the rooms. . . 

 If the Tsubo or Garden be a good one, it must have at least 

 30 foot square and consist of the following essential parts. 

 i. The ground is partly cover'd with roundish stones, of different 

 colours, gather'd in rivers or upon the sea-shore, well-wash'd and 

 clean'd, and those of the same kind laid together in form of beds, 

 partly with gravel, which is swept every day, and kept clean and 

 neat to admiration, the large stones being laid in the middle, as 

 a path to walk upon, without injuring the gravel, the whole in a 

 seeming but ingenious confusion. 2. Some few flower-bearing 

 plants planted confusedly, tho' not without some certain rules. 



