222 THE PRAISE OF GARDENS 



capable of any other Beauty than what might arise from Utility, 

 and from the display of Art and Design. It deserves also further 

 to be remarked, that the additional ornaments of gardening have 

 in every country partaken of the same character, and have been 

 directed to the purpose of increasing the appearance and the 

 Beauty of Art and of Design. Hence Jets d'Eau, artificial Fountains, 

 regular Cascades, Trees in the form of animals, etc., have in all 

 countries been the principal ornaments of gardening. The viola- 

 tion of the usual appearances of Nature in such objects, strongly 

 exhibited the employment of Art. They accorded perfectly, 

 therefore, with the character which the scene was intended to 

 have ; and they increased its Beauty as they increased the effect 

 of that quality upon which this Beauty was founded, and intended 

 to be founded. Essays on the Nature and Principles of Taste, 

 1790. 



SCHILLER '"THERE will be found in all probability a very good middle 

 (1759-1805). 1 course between the formality of the French gardening-taste 

 and the lawless freedom of the so-called English style; it will 

 become manifest that this art may not indeed soar into such lofty 

 spheres as they would persuade us, who, in their designs, overlook 

 nothing but the means of putting them into execution ; and that 

 it is certainly tasteless and inconsistent to desire to encompass the 

 world with a garden-wall, but very practicable and reasonable to 

 make a garden, satisfying all the demands of a good husbandman, 

 into a characteristic whole to the eye, heart, and understanding 

 alike. 



The road from Stuttgart to Hohenheim is, in some measure, an 

 embodied history of the art of gardening, which offers to the 

 attentive observer an interesting commentary. In the orchards, 

 vineyards, and kitchen-gardens, past which the high road stretches, 

 the first natural beginning of the garden-art is revealed to him, 

 stripped of all aesthetic ornament. But now the French style of 

 gardening greets him with dignified formality beneath the gaunt 



