346 THE PRAISE OF GARDENS 



each Dancing-master, may pretend to such niceties, how long, 

 broad or high, the Beds, Hedges, or Borders should be con- 

 trived, in regard they call for very small Invention and less 

 learning;' but he takes much trouble to explain, in anticipa- 

 tion of modern Window-gardening, how 'a faire Gallery, great 

 chamber or other lodging, may be inwardly garnished with sweet 

 herbs and flowers, yea, and fruit and how to make apt frames 

 for letting down flower-pots with a pulley from your chamber- 

 window, and flower-boxes of lead, or bordes well pitched within, 

 and planted with Rosemary 'running up the transums or movels 

 of your windowes.' 



The illustration from the ' Hortus Floridus ' by Crispin de Pass 

 shows more in detail the pleached Galleries supported by sculptured 

 columns, and the beds cut up into quaint geometrical snippets strewn 

 upon a sea of sand, and ' set with fine flowers, but thin and sparingly'; 

 a Book of Designs of a similar character by a Flemish Artist, de 

 Vries, 1 plays more variations upon the same theme. 



The name of Rembert Dodonaeus 2 associated with Clusius and 

 Crispin de Pass, recalls the long list of Herbals which appeared in 

 connection with the Physic Gardens of Europe. The translation 

 of Peter Treveris's 'Crete Herball' was the first published in English, 

 in 1568. But William Turner's ' Herball,' which he claims to have 

 written thirty years before, makes its author rather than Gerard 

 'the Father of the English Herbal.' 3 Dodoens-Lyte's 'Niewe 

 Herball ' appeared in 1578, and finally John Gerarde, the most 

 renowned of all, published in London his ' Herball,' of which a 

 reduced facsimile of the title-page is given. Gerarde was born in 

 1545, educated as a surgeon, and for twenty years superintended 

 the Garden of Lord Burleigh, to whom the Herbal is dedicated 



1 I. Vredeman de Vries, ' Hortorum Viridariorumque Elegantes Formae.' 

 Antwerp, 1583. 



2 1517-1586 Physician to the Emperor Maximilian II., Professor of Physic 

 at Leyden, and author of ' Sterpium Historiae Pemptades ' upon which Lyte 

 and Gerard founded their Herbals. 



3 Dean of Wells, and M.D.; First Book, Black Letter, small fo., 1551 ; 2nd 

 Book, Cologne 1562. Turner had physic gardens at Cologne and later at Wells 

 and Kew (Preface addressed to Queen Elizabeth). 



