THE GARDENS OF THE 

 GREAT MUGHALS 



CHAPTER I 



ON SOME EARLY GARDEN HISTORY 



A garden enclosed a garden of living waters, 

 And flowing streams from Lebanon : 

 Awake, O North Wind ; and come thou South, 

 Blow upon my garden, that the spices thereof may 

 fl ow out. Song of Songs. 



A GARDEN enclosed a garden of living waters, 

 a garden of sweet perfumes " that the spices 

 thereof may flow out " here from the Song of 

 Songs are the three first motives of Indian 

 garden-craft. First, there is the charm of con- 

 trast, that magic contrast so vivid in the East, 

 the meeting of " the desert and the sown " at 

 the garden's boundary walls ; next, the need of 

 running water, without which no plants or 

 flowers could survive the fierce sunshine ; and 



last, the motive for the moonlit garden, to 

 i i 



