218 



GENERAL BIOLOGY 



bended in the word metabolism, and their relation to the 

 accessory phenomena are indicated in the following table: 



METABOLISM 



Food intake 

 Digestion 

 Circulation 

 of food from the 



alimentary canal 

 of oxygen from 

 the lungs 



Assimilation (Ana- 



bolism) 

 Dissimilation 



(Katabolism) 



Circulation 



of CO 2 and H 2 O 

 to the lungs 

 of H 2 O and N 

 waste to kidneys 



Discharge of waste 



Accessory processes, 

 mechanical and 

 chemical 



The essential pro- 

 cesses: 



the work of every 

 cell 



Accessory processes, 

 mechanical and 

 chemical 



Common features of organization in plants and animals: 



1. Protoplasm is the "physical basis of life," and in 

 nearly all organisms it is definitely organized into cells. 



2. Cells, therefore, are the units of organic structure. 



3 . The method of increase is by cell division. 



4. Every organism begins life as a single cell. 



5. Aggregates of cells may form individuals of a higher 

 order, with the various parts of the cell complex fitted toge- 

 ther in a state of mutual dependence. 



6. Two processes are therefore involved in the making 

 of such organisms: i) cell division and 2) cell differentiation. 



