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wards until the belly nearly touches the ground, and then rise up again 

 with a groan, after which the fluid from his nostrils is issued in increased 

 quantity." The pulse is fast and weak, breathing hurried, body bathed 

 in a clammy sweat, limbs tremble violently, the horse reels or staggers 

 from side to side, and death quickly ends the scene. 



In the absence of any pathognomonic symptom Percivall says we 

 must take into account the history of the case; the subject of it; the 

 circumstances attending it; the swollen condition of the abdomen; the 

 symptoms of colic that cease suddenly and are succeeded by cold 

 sweats and tremors; the pulse from being quick and small and thready, 

 growing weak and more frequent, and, at length running down and 

 becoming altogether imperceptible; the countenance denoting gloom 

 and despondency of the heaviest character; looking back at the flank 

 and groaning; sometimes crouching with the hindquarters; with, or 

 without eructation and vomiting. 



There is no treatment that can be of any use whatever. Could we be 

 sure of our diagnosis it would be better to destroy the animal at once. 

 Since, however, there is always the possibility of a mistake in diagnosis, 

 we may give powdered opium in 1-drachm doses every two or three hours, 

 with the object of keeping the stomach as quiet as possible. 



Gastritis is an inflammation of the mucous membrane lining the 

 stomach. As an idiopathic disease it very rarely exists; but is mostly 

 seen to be due to mechanical irritation, or to giving irritant and corro- 

 sive poisons in too large doses or without sufficient dilution. The 

 symptoms are not well marked; there is a febrile condition, colicky 

 pains, and, mostly, intense thirst. When poisons have produced gas- 

 tritis there will be other symptoms referable to the action of the partic- 

 ular poison swallowed. If, for instance, the gastritis is due to a salt 

 of lead we must expect to find difficult or labored breathing, abdominal 

 pains, partial paralysis of extensor muscles primarily, tottering gait, 

 convulsions, and death. Where the poisoning by lead is gradual the 

 symptoms differ somewhat. There is a general appearance of unthrifti- 

 ness, loss of appetite, staring coat, constipation, watery swellings under 

 the jaws, a gray or blue line along the margin of the gums, and a pro- 

 gressive paralysis, noted often at first in the anterior extremities. 

 Colicky symptoms are also observed. Abortion is often noticed during 

 chronic lead-poisoning. In all cases of lead-poisoning the stomach, and 

 often intestines, show erosions of its lining membrane, which in other 

 parts is darker in color, and the mucous membrane is easily stripped 

 oft'. Chronic poisoning by lead is to be expected near paint works, 

 about newly-painted buildings, where paint kegs are left in the fields, 

 where horses take small particles of lead with their food, where soft 

 water runs through new lead pipes, and where the drinking water is 

 drawn from wells or cisterns containing lead. Lead can be detected in 

 almost all parts of the body at the post-mortem, examination of chronic 

 poisoning. 



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