65 



In advanced diabetes, dropsies in the limbs and nnder the chest and 

 belly, puffy, swollen eyelids, cataracts, catarrhal inflammation of the 

 lungs, weak, uncertain gait, and drowsiness may be noted. 



Treatment is most satisfactory in cases dependent on some curable 

 disease of liver, pancreas, lungs, or brain. Thus, in liver disease, a run 

 at pasture in warm weather, or in winter a warm, sunny, well-aired 

 stable, with sufficient clothing and laxatives (sulphate of soda, 1 ounce 

 daily) and alkalies (carbonate of ijotassium, one-fourth ounce) may ben- 

 efit. To this may be added mild blistering, cupping, or even leeching 

 over the last ribs. Diseases of the brain or pancreas may be treated 

 according to their indications. The diet should be mainly albuminous, 

 such as wheat-bran or middlings, j^ease, beans, vetches, and milk. In- 

 deed, an exclusive milk dTet is one of the very best remedial agencies. 

 It may be given as skim milk or butter-milk, and in the last case com- 

 bines an anti-diabetic remedy in the lactic acid. Under such an exclu- 

 sive diet recent and mild cases are often entirely restored, though at 

 the expense of an attack of rheumatism. Codeia, one of the alkaloids 

 of opium, is strongly recommended by Dr. Tyson. The dose for the 

 horse would be 3 grains thrice daily. In cases in which there is mani- 

 fest irritation of the brain bromide of potassium, 4 drams, or ergot, one- 

 half ounce, may be resorted to. Salicylic acid and salicylate of sodium 

 have proved useful in certain cases ; also phosphate of sodium. Bitter 

 tonics (especially nux vomica, one-half dram) are useful iu improving 

 the digestion and general health. 



BLOODY URINE — HEMATURIA. 



As seen in the horse bloody urine is usually the direct result of me' 

 chanical injuries, as sprains and fractures of the loins, lacerations of 

 the sub-lumbar muscles (psoas), irritation caused by stone in the kid- 

 ney, ureter, bladder, or urethra. It may, however, occur with acute 

 congestion of the kidney, with tumors iu its substance, or with papil- 

 loma or other diseased growth in the bladder. Acrid diuretic plants 

 present in the food may also lead to the escape of blood from the 

 kidney. The predisposition to this affection is, however, incomparably 

 less than in the case of the ox or sheep, the difference being attributed 

 to the greater plasticity of the horse's blood in connection with the " 

 larger quantity of fibrine. 



The blood may be present in small clots or in more or less intimate 

 admixture with the urine. Its condition may furnish some indication 

 as to its source ; thus, if from the kidneys it is more likely to be uni- 

 formly diffused through the urine, while as furnished by the bladder or 

 passages clots are more likely to be present. Again, in bleeding from 

 the kidney, minute cylindrical clots inclosing blood globules and formed 

 in the uriniferous tubes can be detected under the microscope. Precis- 

 ion also may be approximated by observing whether there is coexisting 

 fracture, sprain of the loins, stone or tumor in the bladder or urethra. 

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