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TUMORS WITHIN THE NOSTRILS. 



As before mentioned, a small globular tumor is sometimes found 

 within the false nostril, under that part of the skin that is seen to puflp 

 or rise and fall when a horse is exerted and breathing hard. These 

 tumors contain matter of a cheesy consistency, and are simple. If the 

 tumor is well opened and the matter squeezed out nature will do the 

 rest to perform a perfect cure. Jfthe opening is made from the out- 

 side through the skin it should be at the most dependent part, but 

 much the best way to open the tumor is from the inside. Quiet the 

 animal, gently insert your finger up in the direction of the tumor, and 

 you will soon discover that it is much larger inside than it appears 

 to be on the outside. If necessary put a twitch on the ear of the 

 horse to quiet him ; run the index finger of your left hand against the 

 tumor ; uow, with the right hand, carefully insert the knife by run- 

 ning the back of the blade along the index finger of the left hand until 

 the tumor is reached 5 with the left index finger guide the point of the 

 blade quickly and surely into the tumor ; make the opening large ; there 

 is no danger ; a little blood may flow out for awhile, but it is of no conse- 

 quence. Squeeze out the matter and keep the part clean. 



COLD IN THE HEAD— CATARRH. 



Catarrh means a discharge of fluid from the mucous membrane. The 

 form of catarrh under present consideration is at first a congestion, 

 followed by inflammation of the mucous membrane of the nasal 

 chambers — the Schneiderian or pituitarj' membrane, as it is specifically 

 termed. The inflammation usually extends to the membrane of the 

 sinuses of the head and often to the membrane of the larynx and 

 pharynx, causing the complication of sore throat. Quite frequently the 

 membrane of the eyes is also affected, as evidenced by its congested 

 condition and the flow of tears down over the cheeks; the nasal duct 

 (spoken of before) is lined with a continuation of the same membrane, 

 and hence the inflammation of the membrane of the eyes is only an ex- 

 tension of the disease over a continuous tract, and not a specific disease 

 as often supposed. The membrane of the nasal duct being swollen, the 

 effect of the congestion or inflammation, the tears can not flow freely 

 through it, therefore they escape from the eyes and flow over the cheeks. 



Symptoms. — The membrane at the beginning of the attack is dry, con- 

 gested and irritable; it is of a much deeper hue than natural, pinkish- 

 red or red. Soon a watery discharge from the nostrils makes its ap- 

 pearance ; the eyes may also be more or less aff"ected, and tears flow 

 over the cheeks. The animal has some fever, which may be easily de- 

 tected by placing the fiv^ger in the mouth, as the feeling of heat conveyed 

 to the finger will be greater than natural. 



To become somewhat expert in ascertaining the changes of tempera- 

 ture in the horse, it is only necessary to place the finger often in the 



