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tumor can not be seen, but occasionally it increases in size until it can 

 be observed within the nostril. Sometimes, instead of haugiug down 

 towards the nasal opening, it falls back into the i)harynx. It causes a 

 discharge from the nostril, a more or less noisy snuffling sound in breath- 

 ing, according to its size, a discharge of blood (if it is injured), and 

 sneezing. 



The side that it occupies can be detected in the same way as described 

 for the detection of the affected side when the breathing is obstructed 

 by a thickened membrane. 



The only relief is removal of the polypus, which, like all other opera- 

 tions, should be done by an expert when it is possible to secure one. 

 The operation is performed by grasi)ing the base of the tumor with suit- 

 able forceps and twisting it round and round until it is torn from its 

 attachment. The resulting hemorrhage is checked by the use of an 

 astringent lotion, such as a solution of the tincture of iron, etc. 



PIIARYlvrGEAL POLYPUS. 



This is exactly the same kind of tumor described as nasal polypus, 

 the only difference being in the situation. Indeed, the pedicel of the 

 tumor may be attached to the membrane of the nasal chamber as before 

 explained, or it may be attached in the fauces (opening of the back part 

 of the mouth) which is often the case, and by the body of the tumor 

 falling into the pharynx it gets the name of pharyngeal polypus. In 

 this situation it may seriously interfere with breathing. Sometimes it 

 drops into the larynx, causing the most alarming symptoms. The ani- 

 mal coughs or tries to cough, saliva flows from the mouth, the breath- 

 ing is performed with the greatest diiSculty and accompanied by a loud 

 noise; the animal appears as if strangled and often falls exhausted. 

 When the tumor is coughed out of the larynx the animal regains quickly 

 and soon appears as if nothing was ailing. These sudden attacks and 

 quick recoveries should lead to a detection of the trouble. The exami- 

 nation must be made by holding the animal's mouth open with a balling 

 iron or speculum and running the hand back into the mouth. If the 

 tumor is within reach it must be removed with forceps by torsion, and 

 the hemorrhage controlled as before advised. 



BLEEDINa FROM THE NOSE. 



This often occurs during the course of certain diseases, viz., influenza, 

 bronchitis, purpura hemorrhagica, glanders, etc. But it also occurs 

 independent of other affections; and, as before mentioned, is a symptom 

 of polypus or tumor in the nose. 



Injuries to the head, exertion, violent sneezing — causing a rupture 

 of a small blood-vessel — also induce it. The bleeding is almost inva- 

 riably from one nostril only, and is never very serious. The blood 

 escapes in drops (very seldom in a stream), and is never frothy as when 



